A machine translation experiment

Here is the full text of the 1861 "cornerstone speech"(Alexander H. Stephens
March 21, 1861
Savannah, Georgia ):

When perfect quiet is restored, I shall proceed. I cannot speak so long as there is any noise or confusion. I shall take my time I feel quite prepared to spend the night with you if necessary. I very much regret that everyone who desires cannot hear what I have to say. Not that I have any display to make, or anything very entertaining to present, but such views as I have to give, I wish all, not only in this city, but in this State, and throughout our Confederate Republic, could hear, who have a desire to hear them.
I was remarking that we are passing through one of the greatest revolutions in the annals of the world. Seven States have within the last three months thrown off an old government and formed a new. This revolution has been signally marked, up to this time, by the fact of its having been accomplished without the loss of a single drop of blood.
This new constitution. or form of government, constitutes the subject to which your attention will be partly invited. In reference to it, I make this first general remark: it amply secures all our ancient rights, franchises, and liberties. All the great principles of Magna Charta are retained in it. No citizen is deprived of life, liberty, or property, but by the judgment of his peers under the laws of the land. The great principle of religious liberty, which was the honor and pride of the old constitution, is still maintained and secured. All the essentials of the old constitution, which have endeared it to the hearts of the American people, have been preserved and perpetuated. Some changes have been made. Some of these I should have preferred not to have seen made; but other important changes do meet my cordial approbation. They form great improvements upon the old constitution. So, taking the whole new constitution, I have no hesitancy in giving it as my judgment that it is decidedly better than the old.
Allow me briefly to allude to some of these improvements. The question of building up class interests, or fostering one branch of industry to the prejudice of another under the exercise of the revenue power, which gave us so much trouble under the old constitution, is put at rest forever under the new. We allow the imposition of no duty with a view of giving advantage to one class of persons, in any trade or business, over those of another. All, under our system, stand upon the same broad principles of perfect equality. Honest labor and enterprise are left free and unrestricted in whatever pursuit they may be engaged. This old thorn of the tariff, which was the cause of so much irritation in the old body politic, is removed forever from the new.
Again, the subject of internal improvements, under the power of Congress to regulate commerce, is put at rest under our system. The power, claimed by construction under the old constitution, was at least a doubtful one; it rested solely upon construction. We of the South, generally apart from considerations of constitutional principles, opposed its exercise upon grounds of its inexpediency and injustice. Notwithstanding this opposition, millions of money, from the common treasury had been drawn for such purposes. Our opposition sprang from no hostility to commerce, or to all necessary aids for facilitating it. With us it was simply a question upon whom the burden should fall. In Georgia, for instance, we have done as much for the cause of internal improvements as any other portion of the country, according to population and means. We have stretched out lines of railroads from the seaboard to the mountains; dug down the hills, and filled up the valleys at a cost of not less than $25,000,000. All this was done to open an outlet for our products of the interior, and those to the west of us, to reach the marts of the world. No State was in greater need of such facilities than Georgia, but we did not ask that these works should be made by appropriations out of the common treasury. The cost of the grading, the superstructure, and the equipment of our roads was borne by those who had entered into the enterprise. Nay, more not only the cost of the iron no small item in the aggregate cost was borne in the same way, but we were compelled to pay into the common treasury several millions of dollars for the privilege of importing the iron, after the price was paid for it abroad. What justice was there in taking this money, which our people paid into the common treasury on the importation of our iron, and applying it to the improvement of rivers and harbors elsewhere? The true principle is to subject the commerce of every locality, to whatever burdens may be necessary to facilitate it. If Charleston harbor needs improvement, let the commerce of Charleston bear the burden. If the mouth of the Savannah river has to be cleared out, let the sea-going navigation which is benefited by it, bear the burden. So with the mouths of the Alabama and Mississippi river. Just as the products of the interior, our cotton, wheat, corn, and other articles, have to bear the necessary rates of freight over our railroads to reach the seas. This is again the broad principle of perfect equality and justice, and it is especially set forth and established in our new constitution.
Another feature to which I will allude is that the new constitution provides that cabinet ministers and heads of departments may have the privilege of seats upon the floor of the Senate and House of Representatives and may have the right to participate in the debates and discussions upon the various subjects of administration. I should have preferred that this provision should have gone further, and required the President to select his constitutional advisers from the Senate and House of Representatives. That would have conformed entirely to the practice in the British Parliament, which, in my judgment, is one of the wisest provisions in the British constitution. It is the only feature that saves that government. It is that which gives it stability in its facility to change its administration. Ours, as it is, is a great approximation to the right principle.
Under the old constitution, a secretary of the treasury for instance, had no opportunity, save by his annual reports, of presenting any scheme or plan of finance or other matter. He had no opportunity of explaining, expounding, enforcing, or defending his views of policy; his only resort was through the medium of an organ. In the British parliament, the premier brings in his budget and stands before the nation responsible for its every item. If it is indefensible, he falls before the attacks upon it, as he ought to. This will now be the case to a limited extent under our system. In the new constitution, provision has been made by which our heads of departments can speak for themselves and the administration, in behalf of its entire policy, without resorting to the indirect and highly objectionable medium of a newspaper. It is to be greatly hoped that under our system we shall never have what is known as a government organ.
Another change in the constitution relates to the length of the tenure of the presidential office. In the new constitution it is six years instead of four, and the President rendered ineligible for a re-election. This is certainly a decidedly conservative change. It will remove from the incumbent all temptation to use his office or exert the powers confided to him for any objects of personal ambition. The only incentive to that higher ambition which should move and actuate one holding such high trusts in his hands, will be the good of the people, the advancement, prosperity, happiness, safety, honor, and true glory of the confederacy.
But not to be tedious in enumerating the numerous changes for the better, allow me to allude to one other though last, not least. The new constitution has put at rest, forever, all the agitating questions relating to our peculiar institution African slavery as it exists amongst us the proper status of the negro in our form of civilization. This was the immediate cause of the late rupture and present revolution. Jefferson in his forecast, had anticipated this, as the "rock upon which the old Union would split." He was right. What was conjecture with him, is now a realized fact. But whether he fully comprehended the great truth upon which that rock stood and stands, may be doubted. The prevailing ideas entertained by him and most of the leading statesmen at the time of the formation of the old constitution, were that the enslavement of the African was in violation of the laws of nature; that it was wrong in principle, socially, morally, and politically. It was an evil they knew not well how to deal with, but the general opinion of the men of that day was that, somehow or other in the order of Providence, the institution would be evanescent and pass away. This idea, though not incorporated in the constitution, was the prevailing idea at that time. The constitution, it is true, secured every essential guarantee to the institution while it should last, and hence no argument can be justly urged against the constitutional guarantees thus secured, because of the common sentiment of the day. Those ideas, however, were fundamentally wrong. They rested upon the assumption of the equality of races. This was an error. It was a sandy foundation, and the government built upon it fell when the "storm came and the wind blew."
Our new government is founded upon exactly the opposite idea; its foundations are laid, its corner- stone rests, upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man; that slavery subordination to the superior race is his natural and normal condition. This, our new government, is the first, in the history of the world, based upon this great physical, philosophical, and moral truth. This truth has been slow in the process of its development, like all other truths in the various departments of science. It has been so even amongst us. Many who hear me, perhaps, can recollect well, that this truth was not generally admitted, even within their day. The errors of the past generation still clung to many as late as twenty years ago. Those at the North, who still cling to these errors, with a zeal above knowledge, we justly denominate fanatics. All fanaticism springs from an aberration of the mind from a defect in reasoning. It is a species of insanity. One of the most striking characteristics of insanity, in many instances, is forming correct conclusions from fancied or erroneous premises; so with the anti-slavery fanatics. Their conclusions are right if their premises were. They assume that the negro is equal, and hence conclude that he is entitled to equal privileges and rights with the white man. If their premises were correct, their conclusions would be logical and just but their premise being wrong, their whole argument fails. I recollect once of having heard a gentleman from one of the northern States, of great power and ability, announce in the House of Representatives, with imposing effect, that we of the South would be compelled, ultimately, to yield upon this subject of slavery, that it was as impossible to war successfully against a principle in politics, as it was in physics or mechanics. That the principle would ultimately prevail. That we, in maintaining slavery as it exists with us, were warring against a principle, a principle founded in nature, the principle of the equality of men. The reply I made to him was, that upon his own grounds, we should, ultimately, succeed, and that he and his associates, in this crusade against our institutions, would ultimately fail. The truth announced, that it was as impossible to war successfully against a principle in politics as it was in physics and mechanics, I admitted; but told him that it was he, and those acting with him, who were warring against a principle. They were attempting to make things equal which the Creator had made unequal.
In the conflict thus far, success has been on our side, complete throughout the length and breadth of the Confederate States. It is upon this, as I have stated, our social fabric is firmly planted; and I cannot permit myself to doubt the ultimate success of a full recognition of this principle throughout the civilized and enlightened world.
As I have stated, the truth of this principle may be slow in development, as all truths are and ever have been, in the various branches of science. It was so with the principles announced by Galileo it was so with Adam Smith and his principles of political economy. It was so with Harvey, and his theory of the circulation of the blood. It is stated that not a single one of the medical profession, living at the time of the announcement of the truths made by him, admitted them. Now, they are universally acknowledged. May we not, therefore, look with confidence to the ultimate universal acknowledgment of the truths upon which our system rests? It is the first government ever instituted upon the principles in strict conformity to nature, and the ordination of Providence, in furnishing the materials of human society. Many governments have been founded upon the principle of the subordination and serfdom of certain classes of the same race; such were and are in violation of the laws of nature. Our system commits no such violation of nature's laws. With us, all of the white race, however high or low, rich or poor, are equal in the eye of the law. Not so with the negro. Subordination is his place. He, by nature, or by the curse against Canaan, is fitted for that condition which he occupies in our system. The architect, in the construction of buildings, lays the foundation with the proper material-the granite; then comes the brick or the marble. The substratum of our society is made of the material fitted by nature for it, and by experience we know that it is best, not only for the superior, but for the inferior race, that it should be so. It is, indeed, in conformity with the ordinance of the Creator. It is not for us to inquire into the wisdom of His ordinances, or to question them. For His own purposes, He has made one race to differ from another, as He has made "one star to differ from another star in glory." The great objects of humanity are best attained when there is conformity to His laws and decrees, in the formation of governments as well as in all things else. Our confederacy is founded upon principles in strict conformity with these laws. This stone which was rejected by the first builders "is become the chief of the corner" the real "corner-stone" in our new edifice. I have been asked, what of the future? It has been apprehended by some that we would have arrayed against us the civilized world. I care not who or how many they may be against us, when we stand upon the eternal principles of truth, if we are true to ourselves and the principles for which we contend, we are obliged to, and must triumph.
Thousands of people who begin to understand these truths are not yet completely out of the shell; they do not see them in their length and breadth. We hear much of the civilization and Christianization of the barbarous tribes of Africa. In my judgment, those ends will never be attained, but by first teaching them the lesson taught to Adam, that "in the sweat of his brow he should eat his bread," and teaching them to work, and feed, and clothe themselves.
But to pass on: Some have propounded the inquiry whether it is practicable for us to go on with the confederacy without further accessions? Have we the means and ability to maintain nationality among the powers of the earth? On this point I would barely say, that as anxiously as we all have been, and are, for the border States, with institutions similar to ours, to join us, still we are abundantly able to maintain our position, even if they should ultimately make up their minds not to cast their destiny with us. That they ultimately will join us be compelled to do it is my confident belief; but we can get on very well without them, even if they should not.
We have all the essential elements of a high national career. The idea has been given out at the North, and even in the border States, that we are too small and too weak to maintain a separate nationality. This is a great mistake. In extent of territory we embrace five hundred and sixty-four thousand square miles and upward. This is upward of two hundred thousand square miles more than was included within the limits of the original thirteen States. It is an area of country more than double the territory of France or the Austrian empire. France, in round numbers, has but two hundred and twelve thousand square miles. Austria, in round numbers, has two hundred and forty-eight thousand square miles. Ours is greater than both combined. It is greater than all France, Spain, Portugal, and Great Britain, including England, Ireland, and Scotland, together. In population we have upward of five millions, according to the census of 1860; this includes white and black. The entire population, including white and black, of the original thirteen States, was less than four millions in 1790, and still less in 76, when the independence of our fathers was achieved. If they, with a less population, dared maintain their independence against the greatest power on earth, shall we have any apprehension of maintaining ours now?
In point of material wealth and resources, we are greatly in advance of them. The taxable property of the Confederate States cannot be less than twenty-two hundred millions of dollars! This, I think I venture but little in saying, may be considered as five times more than the colonies possessed at the time they achieved their independence. Georgia, alone, possessed last year, according to the report of our comptroller-general, six hundred and seventy-two millions of taxable property. The debts of the seven confederate States sum up in the aggregate less than eighteen millions, while the existing debts of the other of the late United States sum up in the aggregate the enormous amount of one hundred and seventy-four millions of dollars. This is without taking into account the heavy city debts, corporation debts, and railroad debts, which press, and will continue to press, as a heavy incubus upon the resources of those States. These debts, added to others, make a sum total not much under five hundred millions of dollars. With such an area of territory as we have-with such an amount of population-with a climate and soil unsurpassed by any on the face of the earth-with such resources already at our command-with productions which control the commerce of the world-who can entertain any apprehensions as to our ability to succeed, whether others join us or not?
It is true, I believe I state but the common sentiment, when I declare my earnest desire that the border States should join us. The differences of opinion that existed among us anterior to secession, related more to the policy in securing that result by co-operation than from any difference upon the ultimate security we all looked to in common.
These differences of opinion were more in reference to policy than principle, and as Mr. Jefferson said in his inaugural, in 1801, after the heated contest preceding his election, that there might be differences of opinion without differences on principle, and that all, to some extent, had been Federalists and all Republicans; so it may now be said of us, that whatever differences of opinion as to the best policy in having a co-operation with our border sister slave States, if the worst came to the worst, that as we were all co-operationists, we are now all for independence, whether they come or not.
In this connection I take this occasion to state, that I was not without grave and serious apprehensions, that if the worst came to the worst, and cutting loose from the old government should be the only remedy for our safety and security, it would be attended with much more serious ills than it has been as yet. Thus far we have seen none of those incidents which usually attend revolutions. No such material as such convulsions usually throw up has been seen. Wisdom, prudence, and patriotism, have marked every step of our progress thus far. This augurs well for the future, and it is a matter of sincere gratification to me, that I am enabled to make the declaration. Of the men I met in the Congress at Montgomery, I may be pardoned for saying this, an abler, wiser, a more conservative, deliberate, determined, resolute, and patriotic body of men, I never met in my life. Their works speak for them; the provisional government speaks for them; the constitution of the permanent government will be a lasting monument of their worth, merit, and statesmanship.
But to return to the question of the future. What is to be the result of this revolution?
Will every thing, commenced so well, continue as it has begun? In reply to this anxious inquiry, I can only say it all depends upon ourselves. A young man starting out in life on his majority, with health, talent, and ability, under a favoring Providence, may be said to be the architect of his own fortunes. His destinies are in his own hands. He may make for himself a name, of honor or dishonor, according to his own acts. If he plants himself upon truth, integrity, honor and uprightness, with industry, patience and energy, he cannot fail of success. So it is with us. We are a young republic, just entering upon the arena of nations; we will be the architects of our own fortunes. Our destiny, under Providence, is in our own hands. With wisdom, prudence, and statesmanship on the part of our public men, and intelligence, virtue and patriotism on the part of the people, success, to the full measures of our most sanguine hopes, may be looked for. But if unwise counsels prevail if we become divided if schisms arise if dissentions spring up if factions are engendered if party spirit, nourished by unholy personal ambition shall rear its hydra head, I have no good to prophesy for you. Without intelligence, virtue, integrity, and patriotism on the part of the people, no republic or representative government can be durable or stable.
We have intelligence, and virtue, and patriotism. All that is required is to cultivate and perpetuate these. Intelligence will not do without virtue. France was a nation of philosophers. These philosophers become Jacobins. They lacked that virtue, that devotion to moral principle, and that patriotism which is essential to good government Organized upon principles of perfect justice and right-seeking amity and friendship with all other powers-I see no obstacle in the way of our upward and onward progress. Our growth, by accessions from other States, will depend greatly upon whether we present to the world, as I trust we shall, a better government than that to which neighboring States belong. If we do this, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas cannot hesitate long; neither can Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri. They will necessarily gravitate to us by an imperious law. We made ample provision in our constitution for the admission of other States; it is more guarded, and wisely so, I think, than the old constitution on the same subject, but not too guarded to receive them as fast as it may be proper. Looking to the distant future, and, perhaps, not very far distant either, it is not beyond the range of possibility, and even probability, that all the great States of the north-west will gravitate this way, as well as Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, etc. Should they do so, our doors are wide enough to receive them, but not until they are ready to assimilate with us in principle.
The process of disintegration in the old Union may be expected to go on with almost absolute certainty if we pursue the right course. We are now the nucleus of a growing power which, if we are true to ourselves, our destiny, and high mission, will become the controlling power on this continent. To what extent accessions will go on in the process of time, or where it will end, the future will determine. So far as it concerns States of the old Union, this process will be upon no such principles of reconstruction as now spoken of, but upon reorganization and new assimilation. Such are some of the glimpses of the future as I catch them.
But at first we must necessarily meet with the inconveniences and difficulties and embarrassments incident to all changes of government. These will be felt in our postal affairs and changes in the channel of trade. These inconveniences, it is to be hoped, will be but temporary, and must be borne with patience and forbearance.
As to whether we shall have war with our late confederates, or whether all matters of differences between us shall be amicably settled, I can only say that the prospect for a peaceful adjustment is better, so far as I am informed, than it has been. The prospect of war is, at least, not so threatening as it has been. The idea of coercion, shadowed forth in President Lincoln's inaugural, seems not to be followed up thus far so vigorously as was expected. Fort Sumter, it is believed, will soon be evacuated. What course will be pursued toward Fort Pickens, and the other forts on the gulf, is not so well understood. It is to be greatly desired that all of them should be surrendered. Our object is peace, not only with the North, but with the world. All matters relating to the public property, public liabilities of the Union when we were members of it, we are ready and willing to adjust and settle upon the principles of right, equity, and good faith. War can be of no more benefit to the North than to us. Whether the intention of evacuating Fort Sumter is to be received as an evidence of a desire for a peaceful solution of our difficulties with the United States, or the result of necessity, I will not undertake to say. I would feign hope the former. Rumors are afloat, however, that it is the result of necessity. All I can say to you, therefore, on that point is, keep your armor bright and your powder dry.
The surest way to secure peace, is to show your ability to maintain your rights. The principles and position of the present administration of the United States the republican party present some puzzling questions. While it is a fixed principle with them never to allow the increase of a foot of slave territory, they seem to be equally determined not to part with an inch "of the accursed soil." Notwithstanding their clamor against the institution, they seemed to be equally opposed to getting more, or letting go what they have got. They were ready to fight on the accession of Texas, and are equally ready to fight now on her secession. Why is this? How can this strange paradox be accounted for? There seems to be but one rational solution and that is, notwithstanding their professions of humanity, they are disinclined to give up the benefits they derive from slave labor. Their philanthropy yields to their interest. The idea of enforcing the laws, has but one object, and that is a collection of the taxes, raised by slave labor to swell the fund necessary to meet their heavy appropriations. The spoils is what they are after though they come from the labor of the slave
That as the admission of States by Congress under the constitution was an act of legislation, and in the nature of a contract or compact between the States admitted and the others admitting, why should not this contract or compact be regarded as of like character with all other civil contracts liable to be rescinded by mutual agreement of both parties? The seceding States have rescinded it on their part, they have resumed their sovereignty. Why cannot the whole question be settled, if the north desire peace, simply by the Congress, in both branches, with the concurrence of the President, giving their consent to the separation, and a recognition of our independence?
Source: Henry Cleveland, Alexander H. Stephens, in Public and Private: With Letters and Speeches, Before, During, and Since the War (Philadelphia, 1886), pp. 717-729.

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76 

***********Using Google Translate to translate into Finnish, I get************

Kun täydellinen hiljaisuus on palautettu, aion jatkaa. En voi puhua niin kauan kuin on olemassa mitään melua tai sekaannusta. Otan aikani mielestäni täysin valmis viettämään yön kanssasi tarvittaessa. Olen hyvin pahoillani, että jokainen joka haluaa ei kuule, mitä minulla on sanottavaa. Ei siksi, että minulla on mitään näyttöä tehdä, tai jotain erittäin viihdyttävää esittää, mutta nämä näkemykset kuin minun on annettava, toivotan, ei vain tässä kaupungissa, mutta tässä valtiossa, ja koko meidän etelävaltioiden tasavallan, kuuli, jotka on halu kuulla niitä.
Olin huomautti, että olemme läpi yksi suurimmista vallankumousten aikakirjoissa maailman. Seitsemän valtiota on sisällä viimeisten kolmen kuukauden aikana heittää pois vanha hallitus ja se muodosti uuden. Tämä vallankumous on erikoisesti merkitty, jopa tällä kertaa se sen ottaa saatettu päätökseen menettämättä pisaraakaan verta.
Tämä uusi perustuslaki. tai muodostaa hallituksen muodostaa aihe, johon teidän huomiota osittain kutsutaan. Viitaten siihen, annan tämän ensimmäisen yleisen huomautuksen: se selvästi takaa kaikkien antiikin oikeuksia, franchising ja vapaudet. Kaikki perusperiaatteet Magna Charta säilytetään sitä. Ei kansalainen on riistetty elämä, vapaus ja omaisuus, vaan tuomio hänen ikäisensä mukaan maan lakeja. Suuri periaate uskonnonvapauteen, joka oli kunnia ja ylpeys vanha perustuslaki on edelleen voimassa ja turvattu. Kaikki olennaiset vanhan perustuslain, joka on rakkaammaksi se sydäntä amerikkalaisia, ovat säilyneet ja säilyttäneet. Joitakin muutoksia on tehty. Jotkin näistä minun olisi pitänyt parempana, ettei nähnyt tehdä, mutta muita merkittäviä muutoksia ei täytä minun sydämellinen suostumus. Ne muodostavat huomattavia parannuksia, kun vanha perustuslaki. Joten, kun koko uusi perustuslaki, minulla ei ole mitään epäröintiä antaessaan se mielestäni se on ehdottomasti parempi kuin vanha.
Sallikaa minun lyhyesti viitata joitakin parannuksia. Kysymys rakentaa luokan etuja, tai edistää yksi haara teollisuuden vahingoksi toisen mukaan käyttää tuloista voima, joka antoi meille niin paljon ongelmia vanhan perustuslain, on mennyt nukkumaan aina uuden. Annamme käyttöön ei tullin mielestä antaa etua toiselle kohderyhmä missään kaupassa tai liiketoimintaa, yli kuin toinen. Kaikki, jotka meidän järjestelmä, seison samat yleiset periaatteet täydellinen tasa-arvo. Rehellinen työ ja yritystoiminta ovat vapaasti ja rajoituksetta riippumatta harjoittamisesta ne voivat olla käytössä. Tämä vanha piikki tariffin, joka aiheuttaa niin paljon ärtymystä vanhan poliittisen kentän, poistetaan ikuisesti uusi.
Jälleen aihe sisäisten parannusten mukaan valtaa kongressin säännellä kaupankäyntiä on mennyt nukkumaan alle järjestelmäämme. Teho, väitti rakentaminen vanhan perustuslain, oli ainakin kyseenalainen yksi, se lepäsi pelkästään rakentamiseen. Olemme Etelä yleisesti lukuun ottamatta näkökohtia perustuslaillisia periaatteita, eikä sen käyttäminen, kun perusteita sen inexpediency ja epäoikeudenmukaisuutta. Tästä huolimatta opposition miljoonia rahaa, yhteisestä valtiovarainministeriö oli tehty tätä tarkoitusta varten. Meidän oppositio sai alkunsa ei vihamielisyyttä kaupankäynnin tai kaikki tarvittavat apuvälineet helpottavat sitä. Meiltä oli vain kysymys siitä kenen pitäisi laskea. Georgiassa Esimerkiksi olemme tehneet niin paljon aiheuttaa sisäisen parannuksia muun osan maata, mukaan väestön ja keinot. Me olemme ojentaneet linjat rautateillä vuodesta rannikolla ja vuoristossa, kaivettiin alas mäkiä, ja täytti laaksot, hinta on vähintään 25.000.000 dollaria. Kaikki tämä tehtiin avata markkinat meidän tuotteiden sisustus, ja länteen meille päästä marts maailman. Ei valtio oli suurempi tarve tällaisten laitosten kuin Georgia, mutta emme pyydä, että nämä työt pitäisi tehdä määrärahojen harvinainen kassaan. Kustannukset luokittelua, ylärakenteet ja laitteet teillämme kannettiin niitä, jotka olivat tulleet yritykseen. Ei, lisää paitsi kustannuksia rauta ei pieni kohteen kokonaisarvoa kannettiin samalla tavalla, mutta jouduimme maksamaan yhteiseen kassaan useita miljoonia dollareita kunnia tuoda rautaa, kun hinta oli maksaa sen ulkomaille. Mikä oikeus on olemassa siten, että tämä raha, joka kansamme maksetaan yhteiseen kassaan maahantuonnista meidän rautaa, ja soveltamalla sitä parantaa jokien ja satamien muualla? Todellinen periaate on aihe kaupaksi jokaisella paikkakunnalla, että mitä kustannukset voidaan tarpeen helpottaa sitä. Jos Charleston satama kaipaa parannusta, anna kaupan Charleston taakka. Jos suun Savannah-joen on selvitetty, anna merialusten navigointi jonka etua sen rasitteeksi. Joten suun Alabama ja Mississippi-joen. Aivan kuten tuotteiden sisustus, meidän puuvilla, vehnä, maissi, ja muut, on oltava tarpeelliset hinnat tavaraliikenteen yli meidän rautatiet päästä merellä. Tämä on jälleen laaja periaate täydellinen tasa-arvo ja oikeudenmukaisuus, ja se on erityisesti määrätty ja vahvistettu uusi perustuslaki.
Toinen piirre, jonka aion vihjata, että uuden perustuslain mukaan ministerit ja yksikönjohtajan voi olla etuoikeus paikkaa, kun lattia senaatin ja edustajainhuoneen ja saattaa olla oikeus osallistua keskusteluihin ja keskustelujen yhteydessä eri aiheista hallinnon. Minun olisi pitänyt parempana, että tämä säännös olisi pitänyt mennä pidemmälle, ja vaati presidentti valita hänen perustuslaillisia neuvonantajia senaatin ja edustajainhuoneen. Se olisi noudatettiin täysin käytännön Britannian parlamentissa, mikä mielestäni on yksi viisain säännösten Britannian perustuslaissa. Se on ainoa ominaisuus, joka tallentaa, että hallitus. On se, joka antaa sille vakautta sen mahdollisuus vaihtaa sen hallinnon. Meidän, koska se on, on suuri lähentyminen oikea periaate.
Vanhan perustuslain, valtiovarainministeri esimerkiksi ollut mahdollisuus pelastaa hänen vuosikertomusten esittää järjestelmää tai suunnitelman rahoittamiseen tai muuhun. Hänellä ei ollut mahdollisuutta selittää, lausui, täytäntöönpanon, tai puolustaa näkemyksiään politiikan, hänen ainoa pohjautui välityksellä urut. Ison-Britannian parlamentissa, johtava tuo hänen talousarvio ja seisoo kansa vastuussa jokaisen kohteen. Jos se on sietämätön, hän on ennen iskuja sille, koska hänen pitäisi. Tämä nyt on asian rajoitetusti alle järjestelmäämme. Uudessa perustuslaissa on säädetty, jossa meidän osastopäälliköt voivat itse puolustaa itseään ja hallinnon puolesta sen koko politiikan, turvautumatta välillisiä ja erittäin vastenmielistä välineeksi sanomalehti. On hyvin toivottavaa, että alle järjestelmämme emme saa koskaan ns hallituksen elin.
Toinen muutos perustuslakiin liittyy pituus toimikauden presidentin toimisto. Uudessa perustuslaissa se on kuusi vuotta neljän sijasta, ja presidentti renderoidut evätään uudelleen ehdolle. Tämä on varmasti ehdottomasti konservatiivinen muutos. Se poistaa vakiintuneen kaikki kiusaus käyttää viraston tai käyttää toimivaltaa uskotut hänelle mitään esineitä henkilökohtaisen kunnianhimon. Vain kannustaa tähän enemmän kunnianhimoa, joka pitäisi liikkua ja käyttämään yhden tilan niin korkea luottaa hänen käsissään, on hyvä, että ihmiset, edistäminen, hyvinvointi, onnellisuus, turvallisuus, kunnia, ja todellinen kirkkaus Konfederaation.
Mutta ei ikävä ja luetteloida useita muutoksia parempaan, haluaisin viitata yhteen toiseen, vaikka viimeksi, eikä vähiten. Uusi perustuslaki on mennyt nukkumaan, ikuisesti, kaikki sekoittaen liittyvät kysymykset meidän erikoinen laitos Afrikkalainen orjuutta kuin se on keskuudessamme asianmukainen asema neekeri omaa sivilisaatiomalliamme. Tämä oli välitön syy myöhään repeämä ja esittää vallankumous. Jefferson hänen ennuste oli ennakoinut tämän, koska "rock, johon vanha unioni jakaa." Hän oli oikeassa. Mikä oli otaksuma hänen kanssaan, on nyt toteutunut tosiasia. Mutta onko hän täysin ymmärtänyt suurta totuutta, johon että rock oli ja on, voidaan epäillä. Vallitseva ideat viihdyttää häntä ja useimpien johtavien valtiomiesten aikaan muodostumisen vanhan perustuslain, oli, että orjuuttaminen Afrikkalainen rikkoi luonnon lakeja, että se oli väärin, sosiaalisesti, moraalisesti, ja poliittisesti. Se oli paha he eivät tienneet hyvin, miten käsitellä, mutta yleinen mielipide on miehiä, että päivä oli, että tavalla tai toisella siinä järjestyksessä Providence, laitos olisi lyhytaikainen ja katoavat. Tämä ajatus, mutta ei ole sisällytetty perustuslakiin, oli vallitseva käsitys tuolloin. Perustuslaki, se on totta, varmistetaan kaikki olennainen takuu laitokselle vaikka se olisi viimeinen, ja näin ollen väitteitä ei voida oikeutetusti vaati vastaan perustuslaillisia takeita näin turvattu, koska yhteisen tunteisiin päivä. Nämä ajatukset olivat kuitenkin täysin väärä. Ne levätessä päälläni oletus tasa-kilpailuista. Tämä oli virhe. Se oli hiekkainen perusta, ja hallitus rakentuu se putosi kun "myrsky tuli ja tuuli."
Uusi hallitus on perustuttava täsmälleen päinvastainen ajatus, sen perusta luodaan, sen kulmakiven, lepää, kun suuri totuus, että neekeri ei ole sama kuin valkoinen mies, että orjuus alistettaisiin superior rotu on hänen luonnollinen ja normaali kunto . Tämä uusi hallitus on ensimmäinen, vuonna maailman historiassa, joka perustuu tämä suuri fyysinen, filosofinen ja moraalinen totuus. Tämä totuus on ollut hidasta prosessia sen kehitystä, kuten kaikki muut totuuksia eri osastojen tiede. Se on niin jopa keskuudessamme. Monet, jotka kuulevat minua, ehkä, muistaakseni hyvin, että tämä totuus ei yleensä hyväksytty, vaikka niiden päivä. Menneistä virheistä sukupolvi vielä tarttui jopa myöhään kuin parikymmentä vuotta sitten. Nämä North, joka vielä takertua näihin virheisiin, on intoa yllä tietoa, me oikeudenmukaisesti laaduttaa fanaatikkoja. Kaikki fanaattisuus kumpuaa aberraation mielen puutteelliset. Se on laji mielisairas. Yksi silmiinpistävä ominaisuuksia mielisairas, monissa tapauksissa on muodostaa oikeat johtopäätökset kuviteltu tai virheellinen tiloissa, joten on anti-orjuuden fanaatikkoja. Niiden päätelmät ovat oikeassa, jos niiden tilat olivat. He olettavat, että neekeri on sama, ja näin ollen päätellä, että hänellä on oikeus yhdenvertaiseen erioikeuksia ja oikeudet valkoinen mies. Jos niiden tilat olivat oikeita, niiden johtopäätökset olisivat looginen ja oikeudenmukainen, mutta niiden lähtökohta on väärä, heidän koko väite ei. Minä muistan kun on kuullut herrasmies jostakin pohjoisten valtioiden, suuri voima ja kyky, ilmoitan edustajainhuoneen kanssa asettaa vaikutus, että me Etelä-olisi pakko lopulta antaa periksi, kun asiaa orjuuden , että se oli mahdotonta sodan menestyisi periaate politiikassa, sellaisena kuin se oli fysiikan tai mekaniikan. Tämä periaate voittaa lopulta. Että me ylläpitää orjuutta kuin se on meidän kanssamme, ovat taistelevia vastaan periaate, periaate perustettu luonteeltaan periaatteen miesten tasa-arvon. Vastaus tein hänelle oli, että kun hänen oma syistä emme olisi lopulta onnistuu, ja että hän ja hänen liittolaistensa tässä ristiretkeä toimielimet, ei lopulta onnistu. Totuus ilmoitti, että se oli mahdotonta sodan menestyisi periaate politiikassa kuin se oli fysiikan ja mekaniikan, olen otettu, mutta sanoin, että se oli hän, ja ne toimivat hänen kanssaan, jotka olivat taistelevia vastaan periaate. He yrittivät tehdä asioita yhtä jonka Luoja oli tehnyt epätasainen.
Kun konflikti tähän mennessä menestys on ollut meidän puolellamme, täydellinen koko pituus ja leveys konfederaation. Se on yhteydessä tähän, kuten olen todennut, meidän sosiaalinen rakenne on tukevasti istutettu, enkä voi sallia itselleni epäillä lopullinen onnistuminen täydelliseen tunnustamiseen tämän periaatteen koko sivistynyt ja valistunut maailmassa.
Kuten olen todennut, totuus tämän periaatteen voidaan hidasta kehitystä, kuten kaikki totuudet ja aina on ollut, että eri tieteenalojen. Se oli niin periaatteita ilmoitti Galileo oli niin on Adam Smithin ja hänen periaatteet poliittisen talouden. Se oli niin kanssa Harvey, ja hänen teoriansa verenkierto. On sanottu, että ei ole ainuttakaan lääkärin ammatin, joka elää ajan ilmoitus totuuksia, joita hän myönsi ne. Nyt ne ovat yleisesti hyväksyttyjä. Emme saa siis katso luottavaisesti lopullinen yleinen tunnustaminen totuuksia, joiden varaan järjestelmä perustuu? Se on ensimmäinen hallitus koskaan aloitettu heti periaatteita tiukasti vaatimustenmukaisuuden luonne, ja yhteensovittaminen Providence, antamisessa materiaalien ihmisten yhteiskunnassa. Monet hallitukset ovat perustana periaatetta alistamisesta ja maaorjuus tiettyjen luokkien saman rodun, niin oli ja on vastoin luonnon lakeja. Järjestelmämme tekee tällaista rikkomista luonnon lakeja. Meiltä kaikki valkoinen rotu, mutta korkea tai matala, rikkaita tai köyhiä, ovat yhtäläiset silmään lain. Näin ei ole neekeri. Alistaminen on hänen paikkansa. Hän, luonteeltaan tai kirous vastaan Kanaanin on asennettu tämän edellytyksen, jonka hän vie meidän järjestelmässämme. Arkkitehti on rakennusten rakentamiseen, luo pohjan asianmukaisen materiaali-graniitti, sitten tulee tiili tai marmoria. Pohjamaa on yhteiskunnassamme on valmistettu materiaalista varustettu luonnon sen, ja kokemuksesta tiedämme, että se on parasta, paitsi parempi, mutta huonompi rotu, että se olisi niin. On todellakin mukaisesti määräyksen Luojan. Se ei ole meidän tutkimaan viisautta Hänen asetusten tai kuulustella heitä. Omiin tarkoituksiinsa, hän on tehnyt yhden kilpailun eroavan toiseen, kuten hän on tehnyt yhden tähden poikkeavat toisen tähden kirkkaudessa. " Suuri kohteet ihmisyyttä parhaiten saavutetaan silloin, kun vaatimusten Hänen lakeja ja asetuksia, että hallitusten muodostamiseen sekä kaiken muun. Meidän valtioliitto on perustuttava periaatteisiin tiukasti noudattaen näitä lakeja. Tämä kivi, joka hylättiin ensimmäisen rakentajille "on tullut tärkein kulmassa" oikea "kulmakiven" uudessa rakentamisessa. Minulta on kysytty, mitä tulevaisuudessa? Se on otettu kiinni noin että olisimme puettu meitä vastaan sivistyneessä maailmassa. En välitä kuka tai kuinka monta heitä voidaan meitä vastaan, kun seison ikuisten periaatteiden totuuden, jos aiomme uskollisina itsellemme ja periaatteita, joita me väittävät, meidän on pakko, ja täytyy voittaa.
Tuhannet ihmiset alkavat ymmärtää nämä totuudet eivät ole vielä täysin ulos kuoresta, he eivät näe heitä pitkin ja poikin. Kuulemme paljon sivilisaation ja kristinuskon ja barbaarisia heimoja Afrikassa. Käsittääkseni näitä tarkoituksia koskaan saavuttaa, mutta ensin heille opetetaan opetus opetti Aadamille, että "hiki hänen otsansa hän söi leipää" ja opettakaa heitä työhön ja rehun ja vaatettaa itsensä.
Mutta eteenpäin: Jotkut ovat propounded tutkimus onko mahdollista meidän mennä kanssa valtioliitto ilman liittymiset? Olemmeko keinot ja kyky säilyttää kansalaisuus kesken toimivalta maa? Tältä osin haluan tuskin sanoa, että niin innokkaasti kuin me kaikki olemme, ja ovat, että raja-valtioiden laitosten vastaavat meidän, liittyä meihin, silti olemme täysin pystyneet säilyttämään asemamme, vaikka ne lopulta tehdä heidän mielensä ei heittää kohtalonsa kanssa meille. Että he ovat lopulta joukkoomme olla pakko tehdä se on minun varma vakaumus, mutta pääsemme hyvin ilman heitä, vaikka he eivät saisi.
Olemme kaikki keskeisiä osia suuren kansallisen ura. Ajatus on saanut ulos Pohjois-ja jopa raja valtioiden että olemme liian pieni ja liian heikko pitämään erillistä kansalaisuus. Tämä on suuri virhe. Kun laajuutta alueella omaksumiemme viisisataakuusikymmentäneljätuhatta neliökilometriä ja ylöspäin. Tämä on ylöspäin kaksisataa tuhatta neliömetriä mailia yli kuului rajoissa alkuperäisen kolmetoista kesken. Se on alue maan yli kaksinkertainen Ranskan alueelle tai Itävallan keisarikuntaan. Ranskassa, tasavuosia, on vaan kaksisataakaksitoistatuhatta neliökilometriä. Itävallassa tasavuosia, on kaksisataaneljäkymmentäkahdeksantuhatta neliökilometriä. Meillä on suurempi kuin molemmat yhdessä. Se on suurempi kuin koko Ranska, Espanja, Portugali ja Iso-Britannia, mukaan lukien Englanti, Irlanti ja Skotlanti yhdessä. Väestön olemme ylöspäin viisi miljoonaa, mukaan laskenta 1860, tähän sisältyy valkoinen ja musta. Koko väestön, myös valkoista ja mustaa, alkuperäisen kolmetoista valtioiden oli alle neljä miljoonaa vuonna 1790, ja vielä vähemmän 76, jolloin riippumattomuus isiemme oli saavutettu. Jos ne, joilla on vähemmän väestöä uskaltanut säilyttää riippumattomuutensa vastaan suurin valta maan päällä, on meillä mitään pelkoa ylläpitää meidän nyt?
Kohdassa materiaalinen vauraus ja resurssit, olemme hyvin ennen niitä. Verotettava omaisuus konfederaation ei voi olla vähemmän kuin kaksikymmentä-kaksisataa miljoonia dollareita! Tämä on mielestäni rohkenen mutta vähän selvää, voidaan pitää viisi kertaa enemmän kuin siirtokuntien hallussa silloin ne ovat saavuttaneet itsenäisyyttä. Georgia, yksin hallussaan viime vuonna raportin mukaan meidän tilintarkastaja-yleensä kuusisataaseitsemänkymmentäkaksi miljoonia verotettavaa omaisuutta. Velat seitsemän konfederaation summa vuonna yhteensä vähemmän kuin kahdeksantoista miljoonaa, kun taas nykyiset velat toiselle lopulla Yhdysvaltain summa vuonna yhteensä valtavasti sataseitsemänkymmentäneljä miljoonia dollareita. Tämä ei ota huomioon raskaan kaupungin veloista, yhtiö velat, ja rautatie velat, jotka puristavat ja aikoo jatkossakin vaatia, koska raskas incubus kun resurssit näiden valtioiden. Nämä velat, lisätään toiset tekevät yhteenlaskettu ole paljon alle viisisataa miljoonia dollareita. Tällaisen alueen alueella kuin meillä, jossa sellainen määrä väestöön kanssa ilmasto ja maaperä voittamaton tahansa on maan päällä, jossa näitä varoja jo meidän komento-kanssa tuotantoja, jotka ohjaavat kauppa maailman- joka voi viihdyttää kaikki pelot siitä kykymme menestyä, onko muut liittyvät vai ei?
On totta, uskon tila, mutta yhteinen näkemys, kun ilmoittaa vilpitön halu, että raja-valtioiden pitäisi liittyä meihin. Mielipide-erot olivat olemassa meistä anterior ja itsenäistymistä, jotka liittyvät enemmän politiikan varmistaa, että tulos yhteistyö kuin mitään eroa, kun lopullinen turvallisuus me kaikki näytti olevan yhteinen.
Nämä mielipide-erot olivat viitaten politiikkaan kuin periaate, ja kuten herra Jefferson sanoi virkaanastujaispuheessaan, vuonna 1801, kun lämmitetään kilpailu ennen hänen valitsemistaan, että siellä saattaa olla eri mieltä ilman eri periaatteesta, ja että kaikki, jossain määrin ollut Liittovaltion ja kaikki republikaanit, joten se voi nyt sanoa meistä, että mitä tahansa erimielisyyttä parasta politiikkaa, joilla yhteistyötä meidän raja sisar orja yrityksille, jos pahin oli pahin , että olimme kaikki yhteistyössä operationists, nyt kaikki riippumattomuutta, tulivat ne sitten tai ei.
Tässä yhteydessä otan tässä yhteydessä todeta, etten ollut ilman ja vakavia pelkoni, että jos pahin tuli pahin, ja leikkaus irti vanhan hallituksen pitäisi vain korjata meidän turvallisuutta, se olisi osallistui paljon vakavampi epäkohtia kuin se on vielä. Toistaiseksi olemme nähneet mitään näistä tapahtumista, jotka yleensä osallistuvat kierrosta. Ei sellaisia asioita kuten kouristukset yleensä heittää on nähty. Viisaus, varovaisuus ja patriotismi ovat merkitty jokainen askel saavutetusta edistyksestä toistaiseksi. Tämä enteilee tulevaisuuden, ja se on asia vilpitön nautinnot minulle, että olen voinut tehdä ilmoitus. Miehistä tapasin kongressissa Montgomery, en voi anteeksi, että sanon tämän, Abler, viisaampia, enemmän konservatiivinen, tahallinen, päättäväinen, määrätietoinen ja isänmaallisia elin miehiä, en ole koskaan tavannut elämässäni. Teostensa puhua heille, väliaikainen hallitus puhuu heille, perustuslain pysyvä hallitus on pysyvä muistomerkki niiden arvo, ansioiden ja valtiomiehen.
Mutta palatkaamme kysymykseen tulevaisuudessa. Mikä on tulos tämä vallankumous?
Voiko jokainen asia, alkoi niin hyvin, jatkaa se on alkanut? Vastauksena tähän innokas tutkimuksen, voin vain sanoa, että kaikki riippuu itse. Nuori mies aloittelemassa elämää hänen enemmistö, terveys, lahjakkuus ja kyky mukaisesti suositaan Providence, voidaan sanoa olevan arkkitehti oman omaisuuksia. Hänen kohtalonsa on omissa käsissä. Hän voi tehdä itselleen nimeä, kunnian tai häpeän mukaan hänen omat säädökset. Jos hän kasvit itse, kun totuus, rehellisyys, kunnia ja uprightness, teollisuuden, kärsivällisyyttä ja energiaa, hän ei voi epäonnistua menestys. Joten se on meidän kanssamme. Olemme nuori tasavalta, vain tulevat, kun areenalla kansojen, me arkkitehdit oman omaisuuksia. Kohtalomme mukaisesti Providence, on omissa käsissämme. Viisautta, varovaisuutta ja valtiomiehen taholta että julkinen miesten ja älykkyys, hyve ja isänmaallisuus on osa kansan menestys on täysi toimenpiteitä kaikkein toiveikkaita odotuksia, saattaa olla etsin. Mutta jos järkevää neuvoo voittaa, jos haluamme tulla jakaa jos skismoja syntyy jos dissentions nousta, jos ryhmät ovat synnyttäneet jos asianosainen henkeä ravita epäpyhä henkilökohtainen kunnianhimo on takana sen Hydra Head, minulla ei ole mitään hyvää ennustaa sinulle. Ilman älykkyyttä, hyve, rehellisyys ja isänmaallisuus on osa ihmisiä, ei tasavallan tai edustavan hallituksen kestävä tai vakaa.
Meillä on älykkyyttä, ja hyveen ja isänmaallisuus. Kaikki mitä tarvitaan, on viljellä ja säilyttää niitä. Intelligence ei tehdä ilman vuoksi. Ranska oli kansakunta filosofien. Nämä filosofit tulevat jakobiinit. He puuttuivat että hyve, että omistautuminen moraaliseen periaatteeseen, ja että isänmaallisuus on tärkeää hyvä hallitus järjesti periaatteille täydellisen oikeudenmukaisuuden ja oikeuden hakeminen sopu ja ystävyyttä kaikkien muiden vallanpitäjät en näe mitään estettä tavalla meidän ylöspäin ja eteenpäin edistystä. Kasvumme on liittyminen muiden valtioiden, riippuu suuresti siitä, onko meidän näyttää maailmalle, koska luotan, parempi hallitus kuin se, jonka naapurivaltiot kuuluvat. Jos teemme tämän, Pohjois-Carolinassa, Tennesseessä ja Arkansasissa ei epäröi pitkään, eikä voida Virginia, Kentucky ja Missouri. Ne välttämättä kallistua meille ylimielinen laki. Teimme runsaasti säännöksen perustuslakimme ottamisen muiden valtioiden on enemmän vartioitu, ja viisaasti niin, mielestäni, kuin vanha perustuslaki samasta aiheesta, mutta ei liian varovainen saada ne niin pian kuin se voi olla oikea. Katse kauas tulevaisuuteen, ja ehkä ei kovin kaukana myöskään, se ei ole kuin erilaisia mahdollisuuksia, ja jopa todennäköistä, että kaikki suuret valtiot luoteisosassa tulee kallistua näin, samoin kuin Tennessee, Kentucky , Missouri, Arkansas, jne. Jos he tekevät niin, ovet ovat tarpeeksi leveitä vastaanottaa niitä, mutta ei ennen kuin ne ovat valmiita omaksumaan kanssamme periaatteessa.
Hajoamassa vanhan unionin voidaan odottaa mennä melkein täysin varmasti, jos jatkamme oikealla tiellä. Nyt ytimen kasvavaa valtaa, ja jos olemme uskollisia itsellemme, meidän kohtalo, ja suuri tehtävä, tulee valvoa valta tällä mantereella. Missä määrin liittymiset jatkuu prosessin ajan, tai kun se päättyy, tulevaisuudessa päättää. Siltä osin kuin se koskee valtioiden vanhojen EU tämä prosessi on, kun ei tällaisia periaatteita jälleenrakentaminen on nyt puhunut, mutta kun uudelleenorganisointi ja uusien assimilaatio. Nämä ovat joitakin välähdyksiä tulevaisuuden minä heidät kiinni.
Mutta ensin meidän on välttämättä tavata haitat ja ongelmat ja embarrassments tapahtuman kaikki muutokset hallituksen. Ne tuntuvat meidän posti asioihin ja muutoksiin kanava kaupan. Nämä haitat on syytä toivoa, on vaan väliaikaisia, ja on syytä kärsivällisesti ja kärsivällisyyttä.
Siitä, onko meillä on sodan kanssa myöhään liittolaiskumppaneita, vai kaikki asioissa erot meidän on sopuisasti ratkaistaan, voin vain sanoa, että näkymiä rauhanomaisen säätö on parempi, sikäli kuin olen ilmoittanut, kuin se on . Mahdollisuus sodan, ainakaan niin uhkaava kuin se on. Ajatus pakkoa, varjoon kuullaan presidentti Lincoln avajaiskonsertissa, ei näytä seurataan toistaiseksi niin voimakkaasti kuin oli odotettu. Fort Sumter, uskotaan, pian evakuoidaan. Mikä tietysti jatketaan kohti Fort Pickens, ja muita linnoituksia lahden, ei niin hyvin tunneta. On hyvin toivottavaa, että kaikki ne olisi palautettava. Meidän tavoitteena on rauha, ei vain pohjoisen vaan koko maailman. Kaikki asiat julkista omaisuutta, julkisten velkojen unionissa, kun olimme jäseniksi, olemme valmiita ja halukkaita mukauttamaan ja ratkaista periaatteille perustuvan oikeuden, oikeudenmukaisuuden ja hyvässä uskossa. Sota ei voi olla enää hyötyä Pohjois-kuin meille. Onko tarkoitus tyhjentämään Fort Sumter on saatu todisteita halusta rauhanomaisen ratkaisun meidän vaikeuksia Yhdysvaltojen tai tulos väistämättä, en sitoutuu sanoa. Haluan teeskennellä toivoa entinen. Huhut ovat pystyssä kuitenkin, että se johtuu välttämättömyys. Voin sanoa teille, siis tältä osin on, pitää sinun panssari valoisa ja sinun jauhe kuiva.
Varmin tapa turvata rauha, on näyttää kyky ylläpitää oikeuksia. Periaatteet ja sijainti nykyisen hallinnon Yhdysvaltain republikaanipuolueen hetkellä noin arvoituksellinen kysymyksiä. Vaikka se on vahvistettu periaate niiden kanssa ei koskaan sallia lisätä jalka on orja alueella, ne tuntuvat olevan yhtä päättänyt olla osittain tuuman "on kirottu maa." Huolimatta niiden meteli vastaan toimielimen ne näyttivät yhtä vastustaa saada lisää, tai antaa mennä, mitä he ovat saaneet. He olivat valmiita taistelemaan liittymistä Texas, ja ne ovat yhtä valmiita taistelemaan nyt hänen eroamista. Miksi on näin? Miten tämä outo paradoksi on kirjanpidossa? Näyttää olevan vain yksi järkevä ratkaisu ja että on, vaikka niiden ammattien ihmiskunnan ne ovat yleensä haluttomia luopumaan hyödyn peräisin orjatyövoimaa. Heidän hyväntekeväisyyttä tuotosten kiinnostuksensa. Ajatus täytäntöön lakeja, on vain yksi kohde, ja se on kokoelma veroja korottaa orjatyö turvota rahasto välttämätöntä raskaan määrärahoja. Saalis on, mitä he jahtaavat vaikka he tulevat työmarkkinoille ja orja
Että maahanpääsyn valtioille kongressin under perustuslaki toimi lainsäädännön ja luonteeltaan sopimuksen tai kompakti valtioiden välillä myöntänyt ja muut myönsi, miksi ei tämän sopimuksen tai kompakti katsoa hyödyntävän like luonteeltaan kaikkien kansalaisyhteiskunnan muiden sopimusten todennäköisesti puretaan yhteisellä sopimuksella kumpikin osapuoli? Seceding valtiot ovat purki sen heidän puolestaan ne uudelleen itsemääräämisoikeutensa. Miksei koko kysymys ratkaistaan, jos pohjois toivovat rauhaa, yksinkertaisesti kongressin molemmissa konttoreissa, suostumus puheenjohtajan, anna suostumustaan erottaminen ja tunnustaminen itsenäisyytemme?
Lähde: Henry Cleveland, Alexander H. Stephens, julkisiin ja yksityisiin: kirjeillä ja Puheet ennen, sen aikana ja sodan jälkeen (Philadelphia, 1886), ss. 717-729.

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76
 
************Translating the result into Polish yields:***************  

Kiedy cisza została przywrócona, mam zamiar kontynuować. , Nie mogę mówić tak długo, jak jest jakiś szum lub błąd. Myślę, że wezmę mój czas w pełni przygotowane do spędzenia nocy z Tobą w razie potrzeby. Bardzo mi przykro, że ktoś, kto nie chce usłyszeć, co mam do powiedzenia. Nie, że nie mam dowodów na to, czy coś bardzo zabawne, ale te poglądy niż mam dać, chcę, nie tylko w tym mieście, ale w tym kraju, a wielkość naszych południowych stanach, Republiki słuchaczy, którzy pragną je usłyszeć.
I zwrócił uwagę, że jesteśmy przez jedną z największych rewolucji w dziejach świata. Siedem państw, które w ciągu ostatnich trzech miesięcy wyrzucić stary rząd, tworząc nowe. Ta rewolucja jest szczególnie znaczący, aż do tej chwili jest to zostały zakończone, nie tracąc ani jednej kropli krwi.
Nowej konstytucji. utworzenie rządu lub temat, do którego zwraca się nazywa częściowe. Odnosząc się do tej pierwszej daje ogólną uwagę: jest to wyraźnie w celu zapewnienia, że wszystkie starożytne prawa, franchising i immunitety. Wszystkich podstawowych zasad Magna Charta trzymał go. Żaden obywatel nie może być pozbawiony życia, wolności i własności, lecz Trybunał rówieśników, zgodnie z prawem. Wielki zasady wolności religii, która miała zaszczyt i duma starej konstytucji jest na swoim miejscu i zabezpieczone. Wszystkie istotne starej konstytucji, która zjednała serca Amerykanów, zostały zachowane i utrwalać. Niektóre zmiany zostały dokonane. Niektóre z tych bym wolała nie widziałem zrobić, ale nie ma innych istotnych zmian nie spełniają moje obfite zgody. Stanowią one znaczną poprawę, gdy stary konstytucji. Tak więc, gdy cały nowej konstytucji, nie mam wątpliwości, przyjmując to, myślę, że jest zdecydowanie lepszy od starego.
Pokrótce odnieść się do pewnych usprawnień. Problem budowy interesów klasowych, lub w celu promowania jednej gałęzi przemysłu na niekorzyść drugiego, korzystanie z uprawnienia dochodów, które dał nam tak wiele problemów starej konstytucji poszła spać, gdy nowy. Nie będziemy korzystać z obowiązku dać przewagę jednej widzenia grupy docelowej w każdym gospodarczej lub zawodowej więcej niż od innych. Wszystkie nasze system stoję sam ogólne zasady pełnej równości. Honest pracy i przedsiębiorczości są bezpłatne i nieograniczone wykonywanie co mogą one być użyte. Ten stary kolec taryfy, która powoduje tak wiele przykrości starej sceny politycznej, jest usuwany zawsze nowy.
Po raz kolejny temat poprawy wewnętrznych, zgodnie z mocą Kongresu do regulacji handlu poszedł spać w naszym systemie. Power, stwierdził, budowę starej konstytucji, była co najmniej wątpliwa jeden, to opierał się na sam budowlanych. Mamy Południowej w ogóle, z wyjątkiem aspektów zasad konstytucyjnych, a nie wykorzystanie go jako podstawy do jego niecelowość i niesprawiedliwości. Mimo to opozycja, miliony pieniędzy, wspólne Ministerstwa Finansów zostały wprowadzone na ten cel. Zaczęliśmy sprzeciw nie wrogość w handlu lub wszystkie niezbędne narzędzia ułatwiające to jest. Mieliśmy tylko pytanie, kto powinien być liczony. Gruzji, na przykład, mamy tak wiele do poprawy wewnętrznej przyczyny do innej części kraju, w zależności od populacji i zasobów. My wyciągnął na linii kolejowej od wybrzeża i góry, wykopał dół wzgórza, doliny i wypełnione, cena wynosi co najmniej 25.000.000 dolarów. I to na otwartych rynkach, to projektowanie produktów, i na zachód od nas, aby uzyskać marts świata. Żadne państwo nie większa potrzeba takich instytucji, jak Gruzja, ale nie pyta, że fundusze te powinny być wprowadzone do pracy rzadko skarbowych. Klasyfikacja kosztów, nadbudówki i sprzęt na naszych drogach było przypomnieć tych, którzy przyszli do firmy. Nie, więcej, z wyjątkiem kosztów żelaza jest niewielka w sumie wartość pobranych w ten sam sposób, ale musiał zapłacić za wspólny fundusz kilku milionów dolarów, aby przynieść zaszczyt żelaza, gdy cena została zapłacona za to za granicą. Jakie prawa ma, tak że pieniądze, które nasi ludzie są wypłacane do wspólnego funduszu na przywóz naszych żelaza, i wykorzystywanie go w celu poprawy rzek i portów gdzie indziej? Prawdziwe zasady podlega usuwane z każdego miejsca, co koszty mogą być konieczne do jego usprawnienia. Jeśli port Charleston wymaga poprawy, niech handlu obciążenia Charleston. Jeśli ujścia rzeki Savannah została wyjaśniona, niech nawigacji statków morskich, do których obciążenia odsetkami. Alabama, i tak ujścia rzeki Missisipi. Podobnie jak wnętrze projektowanie produktów, nasz bawełny, pszenicy, kukurydzy i innych, musi posiadać niezbędne stawki frachtu od kolei, dochodzimy do morza. To także jest ogólną zasadą pełnej równości i sprawiedliwości, i to jest w szczególny sposób i ustanowił nową konstytucję.
Inną cechą, która proponuję nową konstytucją, ministrów i kierownika jednostki mogą mieć przywilej miejsc, w którym podłoga Senatu i Izby Reprezentantów i może być uprawniony do uczestniczenia w dyskusji i debat na temat różnych zagadnień związanych z administracją. Wolałbym, że przepis ten powinien pójść dalej i wezwał prezydenta do wyboru swojego doradcy konstytucji z Senatu i Izby Reprezentantów. Należy w pełni przestrzegane w praktyce brytyjskiego parlamentu, który moim zdaniem jest jednym z najmądrzejszych przepisów British Konstytucji. Jest to jedyna funkcja, która oszczędza rządu. Jest to, że daje to stabilność poprzez jego zdolność do zmiany rządu. My, jak to jest, jest duża zbieżność prawa do zasady.
Starej konstytucji, na przykład, minister finansów miał okazję, aby zapisać swoje roczne sprawozdania do systemu lub plan finansowania lub w inny sposób. Nie był w stanie wyjaśnić, powiedział, realizacji, lub w celu obrony swoich poglądów na temat polityki, na jego wyłącznie za pośrednictwem organów. Parlament brytyjski, co prowadzi do jego budżetu i będą obowiązywać do osób odpowiedzialnych za każdy punkt. Jeśli jest nie do zniesienia, jest przed nim uderza, tak jak powinien. To jest teraz ze względu na ograniczony zakres w ramach naszego systemu. Nowa konstytucja jest z naszymi głowami dział można mówić same za siebie i zarządzanie w imieniu całej polityki, bez uciekania się do pośrednich i bardzo znienawidzony instrument gazety. Jest bardzo pożądane, aby w ramach naszego systemu nigdy nie będzie miał tzw organ rządowy.
Kolejna zmiana w Konstytucji odnosi się do długości kadencji prezydenckich biura. Nowej konstytucji, to jest sześć lat zamiast czterech, a prezydent świadczonych odmowy ponownego wyboru. Jest to z pewnością całkowicie zachowawcze zmian. Usuwa wszystkie pokusy korzystania z obowiązkiem agencji, lub korzystać z uprawnień powierzonych mu przedmiotów osobistych ambicji. To tylko zachęca do bardziej ambitnych założeń, które powinny poruszać się i korzystać z posiadania jednego takiego wysokiego zaufania w swoje ręce, to dobrze, że ludzie, dobrobytu, szczęścia, bezpieczeństwa, honoru i chwały rzeczywistym Konfederacji.
, Ale nie nieprzyjemny, a do listy szereg zmian na lepsze, chciałbym odnieść się do siebie, choć ostatnio nie tylko. Nowa konstytucja poszła spać, zawsze, mieszając wszystkie pytania dotyczące naszych specyficznych instytucji afrykańskiego niewolnictwa, ponieważ będzie nam właściwej roli cywilizacji Negro na własną rękę. Było to bezpośrednią przyczyną pęknięcia i rewolucji pod koniec obecnej. Jefferson w jego prognoza nie przewidział tego, jak "rock, który jest podzielony starej Unii". Miał rację. Co się z nim przypuszczenie, została faktem dokonanym. Ale czy on w pełni zrozumiałe wielka prawda, która rock był i ma być podawane w wątpliwość. Panujących idei mu rozrywki, a większość z czołowych mężów stanu z chwili powstania starej konstytucji, jest to, że niewolnictwo Afryki łamane prawa natury, że to źle, społecznie, moralnie i politycznie. To był zły, że nie umiał sobie poradzić, ale ogólna opinia ludzi, w tym dniu było to, że ten czy inny sposób w celu Opatrzności, instytucja będzie krótkotrwałe i znikają. Ten pomysł, ale nie w Konstytucji, była myśl obowiązujących w tym czasie. Konstytucji, to prawda, aby zapewnić wszystkie niezbędne gwarancji instytucji, chociaż będzie to ostatni, a więc roszczenia nie mogą być legalnie twierdził przed gwarancji konstytucyjnych w ten sposób zabezpieczona, ponieważ emocjonalny dzień. Idee te były jednak całkowicie błędne. Odpoczywali od płci, rasy domyślnie. To był błąd. To była piaszczysta fundament, a rząd buduje się i upadł, gdy "burza i wiatr."
Nowy rząd opiera się na dokładnie odwrotny pomysł, jego fundamenty, jej podstawą spoczywa, gdy wielka prawda, że Murzyn nie jest taki sam jak biały człowiek, że podporządkowanie niewoli wyższej rasy jest jego naturalne i normalne warunki. Ten nowy rząd jest pierwszym w historii świata, w oparciu o tę prawdę wielkie fizyczne, filozoficzne i moralne. Ta prawda jest powolny w procesie jej ewolucji, jak wszystkie inne prawdy w różnych działów nauki. Jest tak nawet w naszym gronie. Wielu, którzy słuchają mnie, być może, jeśli dobrze pamiętam, że ta prawda jest powszechnie akceptowane, nawet jeśli ich dnia. Błędów z przeszłości generacji nadal trzymanie się dopiero dwadzieścia lat temu. North tych, którzy nadal trzymają się tych błędów, to jest pasja powyższych informacji, jesteśmy dość nazwać fanatykami. Wszystkie fanatyzm wynika z braku aberracji umysłowej. Jest to rodzaj szaleństwa. Jednym z uderzające cechy szaleństwa, w wielu przypadkach ma stanowić właściwe wnioski urojone lub fałszywych przesłankach, więc jest to anty-niewolnictwo fanatyków. Ich wnioski są w porządku, jeśli było ich terenie. Im się, że Murzyn jest taki sam, a zatem stwierdzić, że ma on prawo do równych praw i przywilejów białego człowieka. Jeżeli ich terenie były poprawne, ich wnioski byłyby logiczne i sprawiedliwe, ale ich podejście jest złe, całe ich argument. Pamiętam, gdy usłyszałem od pana w północnych stanach, wielka siła i zdolność do informowania Izby Reprezentantów zestaw z którego wynika, że my, South będzie zmuszony ostatecznie zrezygnować, gdy problem niewolnictwa, że nie można się do wojny z powodzeniem w sprzeczności z zasadą polityki, jak to było w fizyce lub mechanizmów. Zasada ta będzie ostatecznie zwycięży. Że utrzymanie niewolnictwa, ponieważ jest z nami walczą, zasada ustanowiony ze względu na charakter zasady równości mężczyzn. Odpowiadam mu, że kiedy jego własnym terenie, powinniśmy w końcu się uda, i że on i jego sojuszników w tej instytucji krucjaty, nie uwzględniona. Prawda ogłosił, że nie można było z powodzeniem wojny w sprzeczności z zasadą polityki jak to było w dziedzinie fizyki i mechaniki, mam wziąć, ale powiedział, że to on, a oni z nim pracować, którzy toczy walkę z prawem. Starali się, by wszystko równe, które Stwórca się nierówne.
Podczas konfliktu do tej pory, sukcesem była po naszej stronie, wypełnić całą długość i szerokość Konfederacji. Jest w tym kontekście, jak już wskazałem, nasze tkanki społecznej jest mocno obsadzone, nie mogę sobie pozwolić, by wątpić w końcowy sukces w pełni uznania tej zasady w całym cywilizowanym świecie i oświecony.
Jak już powiedziałem, prawda tej zasady może być powolny w rozwoju, jak wszystkie prawdy, i zawsze była, że różne dyscypliny. Zostało ogłoszone, jako zasady Galileo był tak jest Adam Smith i jego zasad ekonomii politycznej. Tak było z Harvey, a jego teoria obrotu. Mówi się, że ani jeden z lekarzy, który mieszka za zgłoszenie prawd, które przyznał im. Teraz są one powszechnie akceptowane. Nie możemy zatem zobaczyć końcowy ogólnego zaufania do uznania prawdy, na których nasz system jest oparty na? Jest to pierwszy rząd nigdy tak szybko, jak zaczął zasad ścisłej zgodności przyrody i koordynacji Providence, przyjęcia materiałów ludzkiego społeczeństwa. Wiele rządów opierają się na zasadzie poddaństwa i podporządkowania niektórych klas tej samej rasy, tak było i jest sprzeczne z prawami natury. Nasz system ma tego rodzaju naruszenie praw natury. Mamy wszystkie rasy białej, ale wysokie lub niskie, bogatych i biednych, są równe oko prawa. Murzyn nie jest. Odniesienia przy jego miejsce. On z natury czy przekleństwo przed Kanaan, wyposażony jest w tym stanie, który ma w naszym systemie. Architekta jest budowa budynków, stanowi podstawę do prawidłowego materiałów granitowych, to jest cegła lub marmuru. Podłoża w naszym społeczeństwie jest z natury materialnej z nim, i wiemy z doświadczenia, że najlepiej jest nie tylko lepsze, ale gorsze niż rasy, że tak będzie. To jest rzeczywiście zgodne z celem Stwórcy. Nie jest dla nas do zbadania mądrość, rozporządzenia lub pytanie do nich. Do własnych celów, dokonał jednej rasy różni się od drugich, jak uczynił jedną gwiazdkę różnią się od innej gwiazdy w chwale. "Wielki obiektów ludzkości można zrealizować, gdy wymagania Jego praw i przepisów, że tworzenie rządów jak i wszystko inne. Naszej Federacji opiera się na zasadach ścisłego przestrzegania tych praw. Ten kamień, który został odrzucony przez budujących" stała się głównym rogu "prawo" kamieniem węgielnym "w nowych budowlanych. Zapytano mnie, co w przyszłości? To jest zatrzymany, że około przeciwko nam będziemy ubrani w cywilizowanym świecie. Nie obchodzi mnie, kto i jak wielu ludzi może być przeciwko nam, kiedy stoję wieczne zasady prawdy, jeśli jesteśmy wierni sobie i naszych zasad, które twierdzą, jesteśmy zmuszeni, i musi wygrać.
Tysiące ludzi zaczynają rozumieć te prawdy nie są jeszcze w pełni z jej wnętrza, nie widać ich długość i szerokość. Słyszymy wiele cywilizacji i chrześcijaństwa, barbarzyńskie plemiona w Afryce. Rozumiem, że te cele nie zostaną osiągnięte, ale najpierw uczy się ich edukacji Adam nauczył, że "w pocie czoła, jadł chleb" i ucząc je do pracy i karmić i ubierać się.
A przed: Niektórzy propounded zbada czy możliwe jest, że idziemy z federacji bez przystąpienia? Mamy środki i zdolność do zachowania obywatelstwa wśród uprawnień w marcu? W tym zakresie, to trudno mi powiedzieć, że tak entuzjastycznie, jak my wszyscy, i że instytucje rządowe limit odpowiedzialny za nas, dołącz do nas, ale jesteśmy całkowicie w stanie utrzymać swoją pozycję, nawet jeśli ostatecznie tworzą nie ich umysły, aby rzucić ich przeznaczenie z nami. Że są one w końcu zmusiła nas do upewnić się, że jest moje przekonanie, ale możemy się bez nich, nawet jeśli nie rozumiem.
Wszyscy jesteśmy istotnych elementów głównych kariery krajowych. Pojawiła się z Północy, a nawet sąsiednich krajów, które są zbyt małe i zbyt słabe do prowadzenia oddzielnych obywatelstwa. Jest to duży błąd. Gdy zakres region objąć sześćdziesiąt cztery tysiące pięćset mil kwadratowych wzwyż. To zależy dwieście tysięcy mil kwadratowych więcej niż w granicach oryginalny członkowskich p.m.. Jest to obszar ponad dwa razy na terytorium Francji i Austro-Węgier. Francja, Republika lat, ale ma dwa tysiące dwieście kilometrów kwadratowych. równości Austria od lat, ma dwieście czterdzieści osiem tysięcy kilometrów kwadratowych. Mamy ponad kombinację. Jest większa niż całej Francji, Hiszpanii, Portugalii i Wielkiej Brytanii, w tym w Anglii, Irlandii i Szkocji razem. Mieszkańców, jesteśmy aż pięć milionów według obliczeń w 1860 roku, obejmuje to biały i czarny. Całej populacji, w tym czarno-biały, oryginalny godzina trzynasta państw miało mniej niż cztery mln euro w 1790, a tym bardziej w 1976 roku, kiedy ojców niepodległości zostały osiągnięte. Jeżeli mają one mniej ludzi ośmielił się utrzymać niezależność od największego na ziemi władzę, nie mamy bać się utrzymać teraz?
Punktu dóbr materialnych i zasobów, jesteśmy jeszcze przed nimi. Opodatkowaniu majątku Konfederacji nie może być krótszy niż dwadzieścia do dwustu milionów dolarów! Myślę, że to za oczywiste, ale chciałbym podwyższonego ryzyka, może być pięć razy więcej niż w posiadaniu osiedli, gdzie udało im się osiągnąć niezależność. Gruzji, na wyłączną własność sprawozdania w ubiegłym roku, według naszych audytora generalnego, sześćset siedemdziesiąt dwa miliony opodatkowaniu nieruchomości. Zobowiązań w wysokości siedmiu konfederatów w sumie mniej niż osiemnaście milionów euro, a zobowiązania krótkoterminowe na drugi koniec Stanów Zjednoczonych w sumie ogromny sto siedemdziesiąt cztery miliony dolarów. Nie bierze pod uwagę ciężkie długi miasta, długów korporacyjnych i pasywa kolejowe prasy i nadal będzie wymagać, jako ciężki koszmar, gdy zasoby z tych krajów. Zobowiązania te, dodane do innych nie mam o wiele mniej niż łączna pięćset milionów dolarów. Tego obszaru, regionu jak nasz, gdzie liczba osób z klimatu i gleby, nie mają sobie równych każdego na ziemi, gdzie te środki są już w naszym polecenia z produkcjami, które kontroli handlu na świecie, którzy mogą bawić bez obawy o naszą zdolność do osiągnięcia sukcesu, czy inni nas dołączyć, czy nie?
Prawdą jest, uważam, że w przestrzeni, ale wspólną wizję, jak szczere pragnienie, by poinformować, że państwa powinny ograniczyć do nas. Istnieją różnice zdań o nas przedniej i niezależności, które są bardziej związane z polityką w celu zapewnienia, że w wyniku współpracy niż różnica, gdy ostateczna bezpieczeństwa wszyscy wydawała się być powszechne.
Różne opinie były odnoszące się do polityki niż zasady, jak pan Jefferson powiedział w swoim przemówieniu inauguracji w 1801 roku, kiedy ciepła konkurencji przed jego wyborem, że nie może być zgody, nie zasady, a wszystko to, do pewnego stopnia rząd federalny oraz wszystkie Republikanie, więc może teraz powiedzieć, że niezależnie od różnicy zdań na temat najlepszych politycznych w celu ograniczenia współpracy z naszymi siostrzanymi firmami niewolnika, że najgorsze było najgorsze, że wszyscy byliśmy współpracy operationists, wszyscy niezależności, czy pochodzą one, czy nie.
W tym kontekście, I z tej okazji, aby powiedzieć, że nie było poważne i bez strachu, że jeśli najgorsze przyszedł najgorszy i odciął stary rząd powinien po prostu naprawić nasze bezpieczeństwo, byłoby to związane bardziej poważne wadą jest to jeszcze. Do tej pory widzieliśmy żadnej z tych imprez, które są zwykle związane z rund. Nie ma takiej rzeczy, jak drgawki zwykle rzut zaobserwowano. Mądrość, roztropność i patriotyzm są zaznaczone na każdym kroku w dotychczasowe osiągnięcia. To dobrze wróży na przyszłość, i to jest coś dla mnie szczerą satysfakcję, że udało mi się do złożenia oświadczenia. Zjazd mężczyzn spotkałem w Montgomery, nie mogę przeprosić za to mówiła, Abler, mądrzejszy, bardziej konserwatywny, celowe, ustalona, zdecydowany, patriotyczny i ciała ludzi, nigdy nie spotkałem w moim życiu. Ich prace, rozmawiać z nimi, tymczasowy rząd mówi im, stały konstytucji rząd jest stały pomnik ich wartości, zarobków i stanu.
Wróćmy jednak do kwestii w przyszłości. Co jest wynikiem tej rewolucji?
Czy ktoś coś zaczęło się tak dobrze, że będzie nadal rozpoczęte? W odpowiedzi na to entuzjastycznie badań, mogę tylko powiedzieć, że wszystko zależy od siebie. Młody człowiek zaczyna się jego życie w większości, zdrowia, talentów i zdolności zgodnie z dobrodziejstw Providence, można powiedzieć, że jest architektem własnego losu. Jego los w swoje ręce. On może zrobić sobie markę, honoru czy wstydu, według jego własnych czynów. Roślin, jeżeli sam, kiedy prawda, uczciwość, honor i prawość, przemysłu, energii i cierpliwości, nie można nie sukces. Tak samo jest z nami. Jesteśmy młodym Rzeczypospolitej, dopiero gdy narody na arenie mamy architektów własnej fortuny. Przeznaczenie w Providence, jest w naszych rękach. Mądrość, roztropność i publicznych państwa od mężczyzn, i inteligencji, mocy i patriotyzm jest częścią Ludowej sukcesu jest pełne środki na oczekiwania najbardziej optymistycznych, może być w wizjerze. Ale gdyby mędrcy radzą, aby wygrać, jeśli chcemy być podzielone, jeśli schisms powstać, jeśli wzrost dissentions jeśli grupy są tworzone, jeśli strona karmi ducha Unholy za jego osobiste ambicje Hydra Head, nie mogę przewidzieć, niczego dobrego dla Ciebie. Bez inteligencji, mocy, uczciwość i patriotyzm część ludzi, nie przedstawiciel rządu Republiki lub trwałe lub stabilny.
Mamy inteligencji i cnoty i patriotyzmu. Wszystko czego potrzebujesz to pielęgnować i utrzymać je. Wywiadu nie robi bez powodu. Francja naród filozofów. Tych filozofów są jakobinów. Brakowało im tego tytułu, że nabożeństwo do zasady moralne, i że patriotyzm jest ważne dla dobrego rządu zorganizował zasad słuszności i sprawiedliwości, idealne zastosowanie do harmonii i przyjaźni wśród wszystkich władców innych, nie widzę przeszkód na naszej drodze w górę i do przodu postęp. Naszego rozwoju jest przystąpienie do innych krajów, w dużej mierze zależy, czy musimy pokazać światu, bo jestem przekonany, lepsze państwo niż to, które są państwami ościennymi. Jeśli to zrobimy, w stanie Karolina Północna, Tennessee i Arkansas nie zawaha przez długi czas, i nie może być Virginia, Kentucky i Missouri. Skłaniają się oni do nas arogancki prawa. Zrobiliśmy mnóstwo przepis konstytucji innych krajów biorących bardziej strzeżona, a tak mądrze, jak sądzę, w starej konstytucji na ten sam temat, ale nie zbyt ostrożny, aby je tak szybko, jak może być prawidłowa. Patrząc daleko w przyszłość, a może i nie bardzo daleko, albo, że nie jest tak różne możliwości, a nawet prawdopodobne, że wszystkie duże północno-zachodniej będzie ciążyć ten sposób, a także Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, itp. W takim przypadku, wszystkie drzwi są dostatecznie szeroka, aby je otrzymują, ale nie wcześniej są gotowe do gry z nami duchowo.
Massa nie starej Unii można spodziewać się go niemal całkowicie pewien, czy nadal na dobrej drodze. Teraz podstawą rosnącej siły, a jeśli jesteśmy wierni sobie, nasz los, i wielkie zadanie, powinny być nadzorowane przez moc tego kontynentu. Stopień, w jakim przystąpienia będzie kontynuować proces, lub gdy kończy się w przyszłości do podjęcia decyzji. Zakresie, w jakim odnosi się do starych krajów UE, proces ten jest, gdy takie zasady nie są przebudowy jest używany, ale gdy reorganizacji i nowej asymilacji. Oto niektóre migawki z przyszłości będę je złapać.
Ale najpierw musimy koniecznie spotkać się z wad i trudności i kłopoty wypadku wszystkie zmiany rządu. Wydaje się, osiedlowych i spraw zmian w kanale handlu. Te niekorzystne mieć nadzieję, ale jest tymczasowe, i musi być cierpliwość i wyrozumiałość.
Czy mamy wojnę z opóźnieniem konfederatów, czy wszystkie sprawy z różnic mamy rozwiązany polubownie, mogę tylko powiedzieć, że perspektywy pokojowego korekta jest lepiej, o ile jestem poinformowany, niż jest. Możliwość wojny, przynajmniej nie tak jak to jest zastraszające. Idea przymusu, cień jest konsultowany przez prezydenta Lincolna na koncert otwarcia, nie wydaje się być kontrolowane tak daleko, tak silnie, jak oczekiwano. Fort Sumter, uważa się, wkrótce ewakuowano. Które, oczywiście, nadal w kierunku Fort Pickens i innych fortów w zatoce, nie tak dobrze znane. Pożądane jest, że wszystkie powinny być zwrócone. Naszym celem jest spokój, nie tylko na północy, ale na całym świecie. Wszystkich sprawach dotyczących własności publicznej, długu publicznego Unii Europejskiej, kiedy byliśmy członkami, jesteśmy gotowi i chętni do przystosowania i rozwiązania oparte na zasadach sprawiedliwości, uczciwości i dobrej wiary. Wojna nie może być użyteczna dla nas, niż na północy. Czy istnieją plany ewakuacji Fort Sumter został dowód chęci pokojowego rozwiązania naszych trudności w Stanach Zjednoczonych lub w wyniku, nieuchronnie, jestem zobowiązany do powiedzenia. Chcę udawać, że nadzieję na to pierwsze. Plotki na powierzchni, jednak, że jest to spowodowane koniecznością. Mogę powiedzieć, zatem w tym zakresie należy zachować swoją zbroję jasne a proszek suchy.
Najpewniejszym sposobem na zapewnienie pokoju, jest pokazanie możliwości utrzymania prawa własności. Zasady i miejsca, w którym obecna administracja USA z ramienia Partii Republikańskiej w czasie o zagadkowych pytań. Mimo, że jest to zasada z nich nigdy nie pozwoliła na zwiększenie stóp terytorium slave, wydają się równie zdecydowana część cala "jest przeklęty kraj." Pomimo wrzawa wobec instytucji patrzyli w przeciwieństwie do, lub puścić to, co otrzymali. Byli gotowi do walki z przystąpienia Texas, i są one równie gotowi do walki już do dymisji. Dlaczego tak jest? Jak można tego dziwnego paradoksu jest zaksięgowana? Wydaje się, że tylko jedno rozsądne rozwiązanie i że, nawet jeśli ich zawodów ludzkości są zwykle niechętnie zrezygnować z korzyści wynikających z pracy niewolniczej. Ich odsetkami miłości. Pomysł realizacji ustawowych, jest tylko jeden cel, a jest to zbiór niewolniczej pracy do spęcznienia do podwyższenia podatków niezbędnych do sfinansowania ciężkich środków finansowych. Połów jest, po co one są, nawet jeśli pochodzą one z pracy i slave
Że przyznanie się do Kongresu Stanów na mocy konstytucji i prawa natury była to umowa lub kompaktowych między członkowskich uznali, i przyznał, z drugiej strony, dlaczego nie niniejszej umowy lub kompaktowych uznać za podobnego rodzaju, społeczeństwa obywatelskiego, wszystkich innych umów mogą być odprowadzane w drodze wzajemnego porozumienia, każda ze stron? krajów odłączenie się zlikwidować to z kolei, że ponownie suwerenności. Dlaczego nie cały problem zostanie rozwiązany, jeśli pragną pokoju na północ, po prostu przez Kongres w obu działów, za zgodą przewodniczącego, wyrazić zgodę na wydzielenie i uznanie naszej niepodległości?
Źródło: Henry Cleveland, Alexander H. Stephens, publiczne i prywatne: listy, wypowiedzi przed, podczas i wojny (Filadelfia, 1886), pp. 717-729.

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76 

**********Translating back to English:***********

When silence was restored, I am going to continue. I can not speak for as long as there is any noise or confusion. I think I'll take my time fully prepared to spend the night with you if necessary. I am very sorry that someone who does not want to hear what I have to say. Not that I have no evidence, or something very funny, but these views than I give, I want to, not only in this city, but in this country, and the size of our southern states, the Republic of students who wish to hear them.
I pointed out that we are one of the greatest revolution in world history. Seven countries, which over the past three months the government discarded the old, creating new ones. This revolution is particularly significant, until this moment it is has been completed without losing a single drop of blood.
New constitution. formation of a government or a theme, which is called partial returns. Referring to the first gives a general remark: it is clearly in order to ensure that all ancient rights, franchises and immunities. All the basic principles of Magna Carta was holding him. No citizen may be deprived of life, liberty and property, but the Court of peers, in accordance with the law. The great principle of freedom of religion, which had the honor and pride of the old constitution is in place and secured. All relevant old constitution, which won the hearts of Americans, have been preserved and perpetuated. Some changes have been made. Some of them would rather not see done, but no other significant changes do not comply with my hearty approval. They represent a significant improvement when the old constitution. So, when all the new constitution, I have no doubt assuming that I think is definitely better than the old.
Briefly refer to some improvements. The problem of the construction of class interests or to promote an industry at the expense of the other, the use of power revenues, which give us so many problems of the old constitution has gone to sleep, when the new one. We will not use the obligation to give advantage to one view, the target group in any trade or business of more than the others. All of our stand alone system for the general principle of full equality. Honest labor and enterprise are free and unlimited exercise of what they may be used. The old spike rates, which causes so much trouble the old political scene, is removed forever new.
Once again the subject of internal improvements, according to the power of Congress to regulate commerce went to sleep in our system. Power, said the construction of the old constitution, was at least questionable one, is based on the same building. We have the South in general, with the exception of aspects of constitutional principles, rather than using it as a basis for its futility and injustice. Despite this opposition, millions of money, the joint Ministry of Finance have been introduced for this purpose. We began the opposition is not hostile to trade, or all the necessary tools to facilitate it. We were only a question of who should be counted. Georgia, for example, we have so much to improve internal causes to other parts of the country, depending on population and resources. We stretched out on the railway line from the coast and mountains, dug down the hills, valleys and filled, the price is at least $ 25,000,000. And it is in open markets, the design of products, and to the west of us, to get the marts of the world. No country has a greater need for institutions such as Georgia, but does not ask that these funds should be made to work rarely bills. Classification of costs, superstructure and equipment on our roads was borne of those who came to the company. No, more, except for iron is low in total value collected in the same way, but I had to pay for a pool of several million dollars to bring honor to the iron, when the price was paid for it abroad. What rights does, so that the money that our people are paid to the common fund for the importation of our iron, and using it to improve rivers and harbors elsewhere? The true principle be removed from any place, which costs may be necessary to facilitate it. If Charleston harbor needs improvement, let the trade burden Charleston. If the mouth of the Savannah River has been cleared up, let the navigation of ships, to which the interest burden. Alabama, and so the mouth of the Mississippi River. Like interior design products, our cotton, wheat, corn and other must have the necessary freight rates from the railways, we come to the sea. It also is a general principle of full equality and justice, and it is in a special way and established a new constitution.
Another feature, which I propose a new constitution, ministers and head of the unit may have the privilege of places where the floor of the Senate and the Chamber of Representatives and may be entitled to participate in discussions and debates on various issues related to the administration. I would prefer that that provision should go further and urged the president to choose his or her constitutional advisers of the Senate and House of Representatives. It should be fully respected in practice, the British Parliament, which I think is one of the wisest of the British Constitution. It is a unique feature that saves the government. Is that it gives stability through its ability to change the government. We, as it is, is a large convergence of the right to rule.
The old constitution, for example, the finance minister had the opportunity to save their annual accounts to the system or the financing plan or otherwise. He was not able to explain, he said, implementation, or to defend their views on policy, its only through the organs. British Parliament, which leads to its budget and will apply to the persons responsible for each item. If this is unbearable to him strikes, as it should. It is now due to the limited scope within our system. The new constitution is our department heads can speak for themselves, and managing on behalf of the entire policy, without resorting to intermediate very odious instrument of the newspaper. It is highly desirable that under our system will never have called a government body.
Another change in the Constitution refers to length of term of presidential office. New constitution, it is six years instead of four, and the president denied re-election services. It is certainly completely conservative changes. It removes all temptation to use the duty agencies, or use the powers entrusted to him personal items ambitions. It only encourages more ambition which should move on and enjoy the possession of one such high confidence in their own hands, it's good that people, prosperity, happiness, security, honor and glory of real Confederacy.
But not unpleasant, and to a number of changes for the better, I would like to refer to himself, though lately not only. The new constitution has gone to sleep forever, stirring all the questions about our specific institution of African slavery, as we will be the proper role of Negro civilization on their own. This was the direct cause of rupture and revolution at the end of the current. Jefferson in his forecast did not foresee this as "rock, which is divided into the old Union." He was right. What happened to him to believe was a fait accompli. But whether he fully comprehended the great truth that rock was and is to be doubted. Prevailing ideas of his entertainment, and most of the leading statesmen of the time when the old Constitution, is that African slavery violated the laws of nature, that is wrong, socially, morally and politically. It was angry that he could not cope, but the overall opinion of people on this day was that one way or another to Providence, the institution will be short-lived and disappear. This idea, but not in the Constitution, it was thought of existing at that time. Constitution, it is true that all the necessary guarantees to ensure the institution, though it will last, so the claim can not be legally claimed before the constitutional guarantees thus protected, as an emotional day. These ideas were not entirely wrong. Rested on gender, race by default. It was a mistake. It was a sandy foundation, and built and the government collapsed when the "storm and wind."
The new government is based on exactly the opposite idea, its foundations, its base lies the great truth that the negro is not the same as the white man, being subject to slavery superior race is his natural and normal conditions. The new government is the first in the history of the world, based on this truth the great physical, philosophical and moral. This truth is slow in the process of its evolution, like all other truths in the various branches of science. This is true even in our midst. Many who hear me, maybe, if I remember correctly, that this truth is universally accepted, even if their day. Mistakes of the past generation still clinging to only twenty years ago. North of those who continue to adhere to these errors, it is a passion of the above information, we're fairly be called fanatics. All fanaticism result of a lack of mental aberration. It is a kind of madness. One of the striking characteristics of insanity, in many cases is an appropriate proposals imaginary or false premises, so this is an anti-slavery fanatics. Their conclusions are in order, if it was their territory. Them that the Negro is the same and, therefore, conclude that he is entitled to equal rights and privileges of the white man. If their premises were correct, their conclusions would be logical and fair, but their approach is wrong, their whole argument. I remember when I heard from you in the northern states, great strength and ability to inform the House of Representatives set from which it follows that we, the South will be forced eventually to give up when the issue of slavery, that it is impossible to war successfully against the principle of policy, as it was in physics or mechanics. This principle will ultimately prevail. That the maintenance of slavery, because it is fighting with us, the principle laid down by the nature of the principle of equality of men. I answered him that when his own grounds, we should eventually succeed, and that he and his allies in the crusade of the institution, not included. True announced that it was impossible to war successfully against the principle of the policy as it was in physics and mechanics, I have taken, but said that he, and they work with him, who is struggling with the law. Tried to make things equal which the Creator is uneven.
During the conflict so far, success has been on our side, fill the entire length and breadth of the Confederacy. It is in this context, as already stated, our social fabric is firmly planted, I can not afford to doubt the ultimate success of the full recognition of this principle throughout the civilized world, and enlightened.
As I said, the truth of this principle may be slow in development, like all truth, and always has been that the various disciplines. Was announced as the rule of Galileo was so is Adam Smith, and his principles of political economy. So it was with Harvey, and his theory of the market. It is said that not one of the doctors who lives for reporting the truth, which granted them. Now they are widely accepted. We can not therefore see the final overall confidence in the recognition of the truth upon which our system is based on? This is the first ever government as soon as he began to strict compliance rules of nature and the coordination of Providence, the adoption of the materials of human society. Many governments are based on the principle of subjection and subordination of certain classes of the same race, so it was, and is contrary to the laws of nature. Our system has this kind of violation of laws of nature. We all Caucasians, but high or low, rich and poor, are equal to the right eye. Negro is not. Reference in his place. On the nature or curse against Canaan, is fitted in this state, which is in our system. Architect is the construction of buildings, provides the basis for the proper materials of granite, it is a brick or marble. Substrates in our society is a material nature with him, and we know from experience that it is best to not only better, but worse than the race, so be it. This is actually consistent with the purpose of the Creator. It is not for us to examine the wisdom, regulation or question them. For their own purposes, has made one race differs from another, as did one star differs from another star in glory. "The great objects of humanity can be achieved when the requirements of its laws and regulations that the formation of governments as well as everything else. Our Federation is based on the principles of strict observance of these rights. The stone which the builders rejected has become the main corner of the" right "stone cornerstone for the new building. I have been asked in the future? It is apprehended that around against us will be dressed in a civilized world. I do not care who and how many people can be against us, when I stand eternal principles of truth, if we are faithful ourselves and our principles, which say, we are forced to, and must win.
Thousands of people are beginning to understand these truths are not yet fully out of the shell, you can not see their length and width. We hear a lot of civilization and Christianity, the barbarian tribes in Africa. I can understand that those targets are not met, but first learn of their education taught Adam that "in the sweat of his brow, he ate bread" and teach them to work and to feed and dress.
And before: Some propounded to study whether it is possible that we go with the federation without joining? We have the means and ability to retain citizenship among the powers in March? In this respect, it is difficult for me to say that so enthusiastically, as all of us, and that the government institutions responsible for the limit on us, join us, but we are totally unable to maintain their position, even if they ultimately do not make up their minds to throw them destiny with us. That they are finally forced us to make sure it is my belief, but we can not, even if you do not understand.
We are all essential elements of the major national career. Came from the North, and even neighboring countries, which are too small and too weak to maintain separate nationality. This is a big mistake. When the extent of the region include sixty-four thousand five hundred miles square and over. It depends on the square two hundred thousand miles more than the original States within pm. This is an area more than twice in France and Austria-Hungary. France, Republic of years, but has two thousand two hundred kilometers square. Austria equality for years, has two hundred forty-eight thousand kilometers square. We have more than a combination. Is greater than the whole of France, Spain, Portugal and the UK, including England, Ireland and Scotland together. Residents, we're up by five million calculations in 1860, this includes white and black. Entire population, including black and white, the original one p.m. countries had fewer than four million in 1790, and even more in 1976, when the fathers of independence have been achieved. If they have fewer people dared to maintain independence from the biggest power on earth, we do not be afraid to keep it now?
Point of material goods and resources, we are still ahead of them. Confederation of taxable property shall not be less than twenty to two hundred millions of dollars! I think this is obvious, but I would venture, may be five times more than in the possession of the settlements, where they have achieved niezależność. Georgia, on the sole property of the report last year, according to our Auditor General, six hundred seventy-two million taxable estate. Commitments amounting to a total of seven Confederate less than eighteen million and liabilities at the other end of the United States in a huge sum of one hundred seventy-four million U.S. dollars. Does not take into account the heavy city debts, corporate debts and liabilities of the railway press and will continue to require, as a heavy nightmare when resources of these countries. These commitments, added to the other I do not have a lot less than the total of five hundred million U.S. dollars. This area, a region like ours, where the number of people from the climate and soil, is second to none każdego on earth, where these measures are already in command of our productions, which controls trade in the world who can play without worrying about our capacity to achieve success, whether others join us or not?
The truth is, I believe that in space, but a common vision, and a sincere desire to inform you that the state should limit us. There are differences of opinion about the front and independence that are more related to politics in order to ensure that as a result of cooperation than the difference when the final safety of everyone seemed to be widespread.
Different opinions were related to politics than principle, as Mr. Jefferson said in his inauguration speech in 1801, when the heat of competition prior to his election, that there can be no rules and all that, to some extent the federal government and all the Republicans , so it can now say that regardless of differences of opinion on the best policy to reduce cooperation with our sister companies, a slave, that the worst was the worst thing that we were all operationists cooperation, all the independence that they come or not.
In this context, I take this opportunity to say that it was not serious and without any fear that if the worst came to worst and cut off the old government should just fix our security, this would involve more serious drawback is yet. So far we have seen any of these events, which are usually associated with rounds. There is no such thing as usual projection of seizures was observed. Wisdom, prudence and patriotism are marked at every step in the progress made so far. This bodes well for the future, and that is something for me sincere satisfaction that I managed to make a statement. Congress of the men I met in Montgomery, I can not apologize for saying this, Abler, smarter, more conservative, deliberate, determined, strong, patriotic and body of people, I have never met in my life. Their work, talk to them, the interim government tells them, have become a permanent constitution the government is a monument of their value, earnings and status.
But let us return to the issue in the future. What is the result of this revolution?
Can someone something started so well that it will continue started? The enthusiastic response to this research, I can only tell you that everything depends on you. The young man begins his life in the majority, health, talents and abilities in accordance with the favors of Providence, one can say that he is the architect of your own destiny. Its fate in their hands. He can make a reputation, honor or shame, according to his deeds. Plants, when alone, when truth, honesty, honor and integrity, industry, energy and patience, one can not succeed. So it is with us. We are a young Republic, the only nations in the world where we are architects of his own fortune. Purpose in Providence, is in our hands. Wisdom, prudence and the state's public from men, and intelligence, power and patriotism is a part of China's success is full of resources to the most optimistic expectations, it may be in the viewfinder. But if the wise advise to win if we want to be divided, if the schisms arise if an increase dissentions if groups are created, if the page feeds Unholy spirit for his personal ambitions Hydra Head, I can not predict anything good for you. Without intelligence, strength, honesty and patriotism of the people, not representative of the Government of the Republic or permanent or stable.
We have intelligence and virtue and patriotism. All you need is to nurture and maintain them. Intelligence does not without reason. France a nation of philosophers. These philosophers are Jacobins. They lacked the respect that devotion to moral principles, and that patriotism is important for good government organized principles of fairness and justice, an ideal application for harmony and friendship among all the rulers of the other, I see no obstacles on our way up and forward progress. Our development is to join other countries, depends largely on whether we need to show the world, I am convinced that better government than that which are neighboring countries. If we do that, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas will not hesitate for a long time, and may not be Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri. They tend to us arrogant law. We did a lot of provision of the Constitution other countries taking a more guarded, and so wisely, I think, in the old constitution on the same subject, but not too cautious to them as soon as may be correct. Looking far into the future, and perhaps not very far, or that it is not so different as possible, even probable, that all the major north-west will weigh this way, as well as Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, etc. In this If all the doors are wide enough to receive them, but not before they are ready to play with us spiritually.
Massa is not the old Union may be expected it is almost completely sure if still on track. Now, based on the growing power, and if we are faithful to each other, our fate, and a great job, should be supervised by the power of this continent. The extent to which the accession process will continue, or if the ends in the future to decide. So far as relates to the old EU countries, this process is, when such rules are not rebuilding is used, but when the reorganization and new assimilation. Here are some snapshots from the future I will catch them.
But first we must necessarily meet with the disadvantages and difficulties and problems the case, all changes of government. It seems, district and home of changes in trade channel. These poor have hope, but it is temporary, and must be patience and understanding.
Do we have a war with the late Confederacy, and all matters of the differences we have amicably resolved, I can only say that the prospects for a peaceful adjustment is better, unless I am informed, than it is. The possibility of war, at least not as it is intimidating. The idea of coercion, a shadow is consulted by President Lincoln at the opening concert, there seems to be controlled so far, so strongly, as expected. Fort Sumter, it is believed will soon evacuated. Which, of course, continue in the direction of Fort Pickens and other forts in the bay, not so well known. It is desirable that all should be released. Our goal is peace, not only in the north, but throughout the world. All matters relating to public property, public debt of the European Union, when we were members, we are ready and willing to adapt and solutions based on the principles of justice, fairness and good faith. The war may not be useful to us than the north. Are there plans for the evacuation of Fort Sumter was evidence of a desire a peaceful solution to our difficulties in the United States or as a result, inevitably, I am obliged to say. Pretend to want that hope is the first. Rumors in the area, however, that it is due to necessity. I can tell, so in that respect, it is to keep your armor bright and the powder dry.
The surest way to ensure peace is to show the possibilities of maintaining ownership. Principles and the place where the current U.S. administration of Republican Party during the puzzling questions. Although it is a principle with them never allowed to increase the foot of slave territory, seem to be equally committed to an inch "is a cursed land." Despite the clamor against the institution as opposed to looking, or let go of what they have received. They were ready to fight on the accession of Texas, and they are equally willing to fight longer for his resignation. Why is that? How can this strange paradox is accounted for? It seems that only one reasonable solution and that, even if their professions of humanity are usually reluctant to give up the benefits of slave labor. Their love interest. The idea of the implementation of laws, there is only one goal and is a collection of slave labor to swell to an increase in taxes necessary to fund the heavy financial resources. The catch is, what they are, even if they come to work and slave
That the granting to the Congress under the Constitution and laws of nature was an agreement or compact between the States acknowledged and accepted the other hand, why can not this agreement or compact be considered as a similar kind, civil society, all other agreements be discharged drodze mutual agreement, either party? countries to eliminate this disconnect is to turn that back sovereignty. Why can not the whole problem will be solved if they want peace in the north, simply by Congress in both branches, with the consent of the Chairman, to agree on the separation and recognition of our independence?
Source: Henry Cleveland, Alexander H. Stephens, public and private letters, speeches before, during and War (Philadelphia, 1886), pp. 717-729.

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76

**********Translating to Swahili************

Baada ya kimya ukamrudia, mimi naenda kuendelea. Siwezi kusema kwa muda mrefu kama kuna kelele au fujo. Nadhani itabidi kuchukua muda wangu kikamilifu tayari kutumia usiku na wewe kama lazima. I am sorry sana kuwa mtu ambaye hataki kusikia kile kusema. Si kwamba mimi sina ushahidi, au kitu funny sana, lakini hawa kutoa maoni zaidi kuliko mimi, nataka, si tu katika mji huu, lakini katika nchi hii, na ukubwa wa nchi yetu ya kusini, Jamhuri ya wanafunzi ambao wangependa kusikia yao.
Mimi alisema kuwa sisi ni moja ya mapinduzi mkubwa katika historia ya dunia. Saba ya nchi, ambayo kwa kipindi cha miezi mitatu iliyopita serikali kuondolewa ya zamani, kuweka mipya. mapinduzi hii ni muhimu hasa, mpaka sasa hivi ni umekamilika bila ya kupoteza tone moja la damu.
Katiba mpya. kuundwa kwa serikali au mandhari, iitwayo anarudi ubaguzi. Akizungumzia ya kwanza anatoa remark ujumla, ni wazi ili kuhakikisha kwamba haki zote za kale, franchise na immunities. kanuni zote za msingi ya Magna Carta alikuwa ameshika yake. Hakuna raia inaweza kuwa kunyimwa ya maisha, uhuru na mali, lakini Mahakama ya rika, kwa mujibu wa sheria. Kanuni kuu ya uhuru wa dini, aliyekuwa na heshima na kiburi cha katiba ya zamani ni mahali na salama. Zote zinazohusika na umri wa katiba, ambayo alishinda nyoyo za Wamarekani, wamehifadhiwa na perpetuated. Baadhi ya mabadiliko yamefanywa. Baadhi ya watu walitaka badala ya kuona tukio hilo, lakini hakuna mabadiliko mengine muhimu wala kufuata kwa idhini yangu hearty. Wao kuwakilisha kuboresha muhimu wakati wa katiba ya zamani. Kwa hiyo, wakati Katiba ya kila mwezi, sina shaka kwamba kuchukua nadhani ni dhahiri zaidi kuliko ya zamani.
Rejea kwa ufupi baadhi ya maboresho. Tatizo la ujenzi wa daraja la maslahi au kukuza ya sekta kwa gharama ya wengine, na matumizi ya mapato ya mamlaka, ambayo inatupa matatizo mengi ya Katiba ya zamani kwenda kulala, wakati mmoja mpya. Hatutaweza kutumia wajibu wa kutoa faida kwa mtazamo mmoja, walengwa katika biashara yoyote au biashara ya zaidi ya wengine. Msimamo wetu wote wa mfumo wa pekee kwa kanuni ya jumla ya usawa kamili. Waaminifu kazi na biashara ni huru na ukomo zoezi la nini inaweza kutumika. Mwiba viwango vya zamani, ambayo husababisha matatizo mengi ya kale ya kisiasa eneo, ni kuondolewa milele mpya.
Kwa mara nyingine tena mada ya maendeleo ya ndani, kulingana na uwezo wa Congress kudhibiti biashara ya kwenda kulala katika mfumo wetu. Nguvu, alisema ujenzi wa katiba ya zamani, alikuwa angalau suala moja, ni msingi katika kujenga sawa. Tuna jumla ya Kusini, pamoja na ubaguzi wa hali ya kanuni ya kikatiba, badala ya kutumia kama msingi wa ubatili wake na haki. Pamoja na upinzani huu, mamilioni ya fedha, Wizara ya pamoja ya Fedha, imeanzishwa kwa ajili hiyo. Tulianza upinzani si maadui biashara, au zana zote muhimu ya kuwezesha hilo. Sisi tulikuwa tu suala la nani kuhesabiwa. Georgia, kwa mfano, tuna mambo mengi ya kuboresha sababu ndani ya maeneo mengine ya nchi, kulingana na idadi ya watu na mali. Sisi aliweka nje ya mstari wa reli kutoka pwani na milima, yachimbwe chini ya milima, mabonde na kujazwa, bei ni angalau $ 25,000,000. Na ni katika masoko ya wazi, ya design ya bidhaa, na magharibi ya sisi kupata marts ya dunia. Hakuna nchi ina mahitaji makubwa kwa taasisi kama vile Georgia, lakini si kuuliza kwamba fedha hizo zinapaswa kuwa na kazi mara chache bili. Ainisho ya gharama, superstructure na vifaa katika barabara yetu yanayotokana na ya wale ambao walikuwa na kampuni. Hakuna, zaidi, ila kwa ajili ya chuma ni mdogo katika thamani zilizokusanywa katika njia ya sawa, lakini mimi alikuwa na kulipa kwa ajili ya bwawa la dola milioni kadhaa kuleta heshima na ya chuma, wakati bei zililipwa kwa kuwa nje ya nchi. Nini haki gani, hivyo kwamba fedha kwamba watu wetu ni kulipwa na mfuko wa kawaida kwa ajili ya uagizaji wa chuma zetu, na kutumia kuboresha mito na Bandari mahali pengine? kanuni ya kweli kuondolewa kutoka nafasi yoyote, ambayo gharama inaweza kuwa muhimu ya kuwezesha hilo. Kama bandari mahitaji Charleston kuboresha, basi mzigo wa biashara Charleston. Kama mdomo wa Mto Savannah imekuwa kuchukuliwa, basi kwa urambazaji ya meli, ambapo mzigo wa riba. Alabama, na hivyo mdomo wa mto Mississippi. Kama bidhaa za ndani design, pamba yetu, ngano, mahindi na mengine ni lazima kuwa na viwango vya mizigo muhimu kutoka reli, sisi kuja baharini. Pia ni kanuni ya jumla ya usawa kamili na haki, na ni kwa namna ya pekee na kuanzisha katiba mpya.
Mwingine kipengele, ambayo napendekeza kwa katiba mpya mawaziri, na mkuu wa kitengo cha wanaweza kuwa na haki ya mahali ambapo sakafu ya Seneti na Mahakama ya Wawakilishi na inaweza kuwa na haki ya kushiriki katika mijadala na mijadala juu ya masuala mbalimbali kuhusiana na utawala . Napenda wanapendelea kuwa utoaji kwamba lazima kwenda zaidi na wito kwa rais wa kuchagua washauri wake kikatiba wa Seneti na Baraza la Wawakilishi. Ni lazima kuheshimiwa kikamilifu katika mazoezi, Bunge la Uingereza, ambayo nadhani ni mmoja wa si muadilifu kuliko Katiba ya Uingereza. Ni kwamba kipengele pekee anaokoa ya serikali. Ni kwamba inatoa utulivu kwa uwezo wake wa mabadiliko ya serikali. Sisi, kama ilivyo, ni konvergens kubwa ya haki ya kutawala.
Katiba ya zamani, kwa mfano, waziri wa fedha alikuwa na nafasi ya kuokoa yao ya kila mwaka kwa akaunti ya mfumo au mpango wa fedha au vinginevyo. Hakuweza kueleza, alisema, utekelezaji, au kutetea maoni yao juu ya sera, tu kupitia vyombo ya. Bunge la Uingereza, ambayo inaongoza kwa bajeti yake na kuomba kwa watu wa kuwajibika kwa kila kipengele. Kama hii ni zisizo vumilika kwa mgomo yake, kama ni lazima. Sasa ni kutokana na upeo wa mdogo katika mfumo wetu. Katiba mpya ni idara yetu vichwa unaweza kusema kwa wenyewe, na kusimamia kwa niaba ya sera nzima, bila kutegemea chombo odious sana kati ya gazeti. Ni kuhitajika sana kwamba chini ya mfumo wetu kamwe kuitwa chombo cha serikali.
Mwingine mabadiliko katika Katiba inahusu urefu wa muda wa ofisi ya rais. Katiba mpya, ni miaka sita badala ya nne, na rais akakana tena huduma ya uchaguzi. Ni kweli kabisa kihafidhina mabadiliko. Ni kuondosha majaribu yote kutumia vyombo wajibu, au kutumia nguvu waliokabidhiwa kwake vitu binafsi tamaa. Uppmuntrar tu tamaa zaidi ambayo lazima kuendelea na kufurahia mali ya kujiamini mmoja kama high katika mikono yao, ni vizuri kwamba watu, mafanikio, furaha, amani, heshima na utukufu wa muungano wa kweli.
Lakini unpleasant, na idadi ya mabadiliko mazuri, Napenda kutaja mwenyewe, ingawa siku za hivi karibuni tu. Katiba mpya kwenda kulala milele, kuchochea maswali yote juu ya taasisi yetu maalumu ya utumwa Afrika, kama tutakuwa nafasi nzuri ya ustaarabu Negro wenyewe. Hii ilikuwa sababu moja kwa moja ya rupture na mapinduzi ya mwisho wa sasa. Jefferson katika utabiri wake si anges hii kama "mwamba, ambao umegawanyika katika Umoja wa kale." Alikuwa na haki. Nini kilichotokea kwake kuamini alikuwa fait accompli. Lakini kama Yesu kikamilifu wakafahamu ukweli mkubwa kwamba mwamba huo ulikuwa na ni kwa kuwa walikuwa na mashaka. Uliopo mawazo ya burudani yake, na wengi statesmen viongozi wa muda, wakati Katiba ya zamani, ni kwamba utumwa Afrika vunja sheria za asili, kwamba ni makosa, kijamii, kimaadili na kisiasa. Ni hasira kwamba hakuweza kuvumilia, lakini maoni ya jumla ya watu juu ya siku hii ni kwamba kwa njia moja au nyingine na riziki, taasisi hii itakuwa ya muda mfupi aliishi na kutoweka. Wazo hili, lakini si katika Katiba, ni mawazo ya zilizopo wakati huo. Katiba, ni kweli kwamba dhamana zote muhimu ili kuhakikisha taasisi, ingawa itakuwa mara ya mwisho, hivyo kudai hawezi kuwa kisheria alidai mbele ya dhamana ya ulinzi wa kikatiba hivyo, kama siku ya kihisia. Mawazo hayo hayakuwa sahihi kabisa. Akastarehe jinsia, rangi na default. Ilikuwa ni makosa. Ilikuwa ni msingi mchanga, na kujengwa na serikali ya kuanguka wakati wa dhoruba "na upepo."
Serikali mpya ni wazo msingi hasa kinyume, misingi yake, msingi wake uongo ukweli mkubwa kwamba negro si sawa kama mtu mweupe, akiwa chini ya utumwa wa taifa bora ni ya asili na hali yake ya kawaida. Serikali mpya ya kwanza katika historia ya dunia, kwa kuzingatia ukweli huu wa kimwili kubwa, falsafa na maadili. Ukweli huu ni mwepesi katika mchakato wa mageuzi yake, kama kweli yote mengine katika matawi mbalimbali ya sayansi. Hii ni kweli hata katikati yetu. Wengi ambao kusikia mimi, labda, kama mimi kukumbuka kwa usahihi, ukweli huu ni kukubalika ulimwenguni kote, hata kama siku yao. Makosa ya kizazi bado zamani lazima ashike kikamilifu miaka ishirini tu iliyopita. Kaskazini ya wale ambao wanaendelea kuambatana na makosa hayo, ni shauku ya habari ya hapo juu, sisi ni haki kuitwa fanatics. Matokeo yote fanaticism ya ukosefu wa aberration ya akili. Ni aina ya wazimu. Moja ya sifa ya wakijipiga ya kuchanganyikiwa, katika hali nyingi ni mapendekezo ya mwafaka majengo imaginary au uongo, hivyo hii ni fanatics dhidi ya utumwa. slutsatser yao ili, kama ni wilaya yao. Wao kuwa Negro ni sawa na hiyo, kuhitimisha kuwa ni haki sawa na mapendeleo ya mtu mweupe. Kama majengo yao yalikuwa sahihi, slutsatser yao itakuwa mantiki na haki, lakini mbinu zao ni sahihi, wao wote hoja. Nakumbuka wakati mimi kusikia kutoka kwenu katika majimbo ya kaskazini, nguvu kubwa na uwezo wa taarifa ya Baraza la Wawakilishi kuweka ambayo kinachofuata ni kwamba sisi, Afrika itakuwa hatimaye kuwalazimisha kuacha wakati suala la utumwa, kwamba ni vigumu vita dhidi ya kanuni ya mafanikio ya sera, kama ilivyokuwa katika fizikia au Mechanics. Kanuni hii itakuwa hatimaye kutawala. matengenezo hiyo ya utumwa, kwa sababu ni kupambana na sisi, kanuni ya kuweka chini na maumbile ya kanuni ya usawa wa watu. Mimi akamjibu kwamba wakati misingi yake mwenyewe, tunapaswa hatimaye kufanikiwa, na kwamba yeye na washirika wake katika vita ya taasisi, si pamoja. Kweli ilitangaza kwamba ilikuwa vigumu kwa mafanikio vita dhidi ya kanuni ya sera ya kama ilivyokuwa katika fizikia na Mechanics Nimemwona, lakini alisema kuwa yeye na wao kazi pamoja naye, ambaye ni zinakabiliwa na sheria. Kujaribu kufanya mambo sawa ambayo Muumba ni kutofautiana.
Wakati wa vita hivyo mbali, mafanikio imekuwa upande wetu, kujaza urefu mzima na upana wa muungano wa. Ni katika muktadha huu, kama tayari alisema, kitambaa yetu ya jamii ni imara kupandwa, siwezi kumudu shaka mafanikio mwisho wa utambuzi kamili wa kanuni hii katika ulimwengu civilized, na mwanga.
Kama nilivyosema, ukweli wa kanuni hii inaweza kuwa na polepole katika maendeleo, kama kweli yote, na siku zote imekuwa kwamba mazoezi mbalimbali. Ilitangazwa na utawala wa Galileo ilikuwa ni Adam Smith, na kanuni zake za uchumi wa kisiasa. Hivyo ilikuwa na Harvey, na nadharia yake ya soko. Inasemekana hakuna hata mmoja wa madaktari ambao maisha kwa ajili ya kutoa taarifa ya kweli, ambayo nafasi yao. Sasa ni kukubalika sana. Kwa hiyo hatuwezi kuona mwisho jumla kujiamini katika kutambua ukweli juu ambao mfumo wetu ni msingi? Hii ni ya kwanza kabisa serikali kwa haraka kama alianza kufuata sheria kali ya asili na ya uratibu wa riziki, vifaa kupitishwa ya jamii ya kibinadamu. serikali nyingi kwa kuzingatia kanuni ya uaminifu na subordination ya makundi fulani ya jamii hiyo, hivyo ilikuwa, na ni kinyume na sheria za asili. mfumo wetu ana aina hii ya ukiukaji wa sheria za asili. Sisi wote Caucasians, lakini juu au chini, matajiri na maskini, ni sawa na macho ya haki. Negro si. Rejea katika nafasi yake. Juu ya asili au laana dhidi ya Kanaani, ni utrustade katika hali hii, ambayo ni katika mfumo wetu. Majengo ni ya ujenzi wa majengo, hutoa msingi wa vifaa sahihi wa Itale, ni tofali au jiwe. Substrates katika jamii yetu ni mali na asili yake, na tunajua kutokana na uzoefu kwamba ni bora na si bora tu, lakini mbaya zaidi kuliko jamii, na iwe hivyo. Hii ni kweli kwa kuzingatia madhumuni ya Muumba. Si kwa ajili yetu ili kuchunguza hekima, kanuni au swali yao. Kwa madhumuni yao wenyewe, imefanya hutofautiana kutoka jamii moja mwingine, kama walivyofanya nyota moja hutofautiana kutoka nyota nyingine katika utukufu. "Vitu kubwa ya binadamu inaweza kupatikana wakati mahitaji ya sheria zake na kanuni kwamba malezi ya serikali pamoja na mambo mengine. Shirikisho la yetu kulingana na kanuni za utunzaji madhubuti ya haki hizo. Jiwe ambayo imekuwa wajenzi kukataliwa kona kuu ya "haki ya msingi" mawe kwa ajili ya ujenzi wa mwezi Mimi nimekuwa kuulizwa katika siku zijazo.? Ni halikuweza kuwa karibu juu yetu itakuwa amevaa katika ulimwengu civilized Sijali. nani na jinsi watu wengi wanaweza kuwa dhidi ya yetu, wakati mimi kusimama milele kanuni ya ukweli, kama sisi ni waamini na kanuni zetu wenyewe, ambayo kusema, sisi ni kulazimishwa, na lazima kushinda.
Maelfu ya watu wanaanza kuelewa ukweli huu bado kikamilifu nje ya shell, unaweza kuona urefu na upana. Tumesikia mengi ya utamaduni na Ukristo, makabila mgeni katika Afrika. Naweza kufahamu kwamba malengo hayo ni kukutana, lakini kwanza kujifunza ya elimu yao kufundisha Adam kwamba "katika paji la uso wake jasho, akala mkate" na kufundisha kazi yao na malisho na mavazi.
Na kabla: Baadhi ya propounded kujifunza kama inawezekana twende kwa shirikisho bila kujiunga? Sisi njia na uwezo wa kuhifadhi uraia miongoni mwa nguvu Machi? Kwa hali hii, ni vigumu kwa mimi kusema kwamba ili enthusiastically, kama wote wetu, na kwamba taasisi za serikali kuwajibika kwa ukomo wa juu yetu kujiunga na sisi, lakini sisi ni kushindwa kabisa kudumisha nafasi zao, hata kama hatimaye kufanya kufanya up akili zao na kutupa hatima yao na sisi. Kwamba wao ni sisi hatimaye kuwalazimisha kuhakikisha ni imani yangu, lakini hatuwezi, hata kama hawajui.
Sisi wote ni mambo muhimu ya kazi kuu ya kitaifa. Akaja kutoka Kaskazini, na hata nchi jirani, ambayo ni ndogo mno na pia dhaifu na kudumisha utaifa tofauti. Hii ni kosa kubwa. Wakati kiwango cha kanda ya pamoja 64,500 maili mraba na tena. Inategemea maili mraba mia mbili zaidi ya Marekani ya awali kati ya pm. Hili ni eneo zaidi ya mara mbili katika Ufaransa na Austria-Hungaria. Ufaransa, Jamhuri ya miaka, lakini kilometa 2,200 za mraba. Austria usawa kwa miaka mingi, ina kilometa 240-elfu nane ya mraba. Sisi na zaidi ya macho ya. Ni mkubwa kuliko yote ya Ufaransa, Hispania, Ureno na Uingereza, ikiwa ni pamoja na Uingereza, Ireland na Scotland pamoja. Wakazi, tuko juu na mahesabu ya milioni tano mwaka 1860, hii ni pamoja na nyeupe na nyeusi. Mzima idadi ya watu, ikiwa ni pamoja na nyeusi na nyeupe, awali alikuwa 01:00 nchi chini ya milioni nne katika 1790, na hata zaidi mwaka 1976, wakati baba wa uhuru kuwa mafanikio. Kama wana watu wachache aliyethubutu kudumisha uhuru kutoka kwa nguvu kubwa zaidi duniani, hatuwezi kuwa na hofu ya kushika sasa?
Point ya bidhaa na rasilimali, sisi bado mbele yao. Shirikisho la mali yanayopaswa isiwe chini 2-20 mamilioni ya dola! Nadhani hii ni dhahiri, lakini napenda mradi, inaweza kuwa zaidi ya mara tano katika milki ya makazi, ambapo mafanikio niezależność. Georgia, juu ya mali ya pekee ya ripoti ya mwaka jana, kulingana na Mkaguzi Mkuu wetu, 672,000,000 yanayopaswa mali isiyohamishika. Ahadi ya jumla jumla ya Confederate saba chini ya 18,000,000 na dhima katika mwisho wengine wa Marekani kwa kiasi kikubwa cha 174,000,000 dola za Marekani. Je, si kuchukua katika akaunti ya madeni ya mji nzito, madeni ya shirika na dhima ya vyombo vya habari vya reli na itaendelea kuhitaji, kama nightmare nzito wakati rasilimali za nchi hizi. Ahadi hizi, aliongeza kwa nyingine sina mengi kuliko jumla ya 500,000,000 dola za Marekani. Eneo hilo, ambalo ni eneo kama yetu, ambapo idadi ya watu kutokana na hali ya hewa na udongo, ni ya pili na hakuna każdego duniani, ambapo hatua hizi tayari kwa amri ya Productions yetu, ambayo udhibiti wa biashara duniani ambao wanaweza kucheza bila wasiwasi kuhusu uwezo wetu wa kupata mafanikio, kama watu wengine kujiunga nasi au la?
Ukweli ni kwamba, naamini kwamba katika nafasi, lakini mtazamo wa pamoja, na haja ya dhati kwa taarifa kwamba serikali lazima kikomo kwetu. Kuna tofauti ya maoni juu ya mbele na uhuru kwamba ni zaidi kuhusiana na siasa ili kuhakikisha kwamba kutokana na ushirikiano zaidi tofauti wakati wa usalama wa mwisho wa kila mmoja alionekana kuwa mkubwa.
maoni tofauti walikuwa kuhusiana na siasa zaidi ya kanuni, kama Mheshimiwa Jefferson alisema katika hotuba uzinduzi wake katika 1801, wakati wa joto ya ushindani kabla ya uchaguzi wake, kwamba kunaweza kuwa hakuna sheria na watu wote kwa kiasi fulani serikali ya shirikisho na yote Republican, hivyo sasa wanaweza kusema kwamba bila kujali tofauti za maoni juu ya sera ya bora ya kupunguza ushirikiano na makampuni yetu dada, mtumwa, kuwa mbaya zaidi ilikuwa jambo mbaya zaidi kwamba sisi sote ushirikiano operationists, uhuru wote kwamba kuja au .
Katika hali hii, mimi kuchukua fursa hii kusema kwamba si mbaya na bila hofu kwamba kama mbaya alikuja mbaya na kukata zamani wa serikali lazima fix tu usalama wetu, hii ingekuwa mbaya zaidi drawback kuhusisha bado. Hadi sasa tumeona yoyote ya matukio hayo, ambayo ni kawaida zinazohusiana na raundi. Hakuna kitu kama matarajio ya kawaida ya mishtuko ya moyo alikuwa kwanza. Hekima, busara na patriotism ni alama katika kila hatua katika maendeleo yaliyofikiwa hadi sasa. Bodes hii vizuri kwa ajili ya baadaye, na kwamba ni jambo ambalo kwa kweli mimi kuridhika kwamba mimi imeweza kutoa taarifa. Congress ya watu wa mimi kukutana katika Montgomery, siwezi kuomba msamaha kwa kusema hivi, Abler, smartare, kihafidhina zaidi, kujadili, kuamua, kali, Patriotic na mwili wa watu, sijawahi kukutana katika maisha yangu. kazi yao, kuzungumza nao, serikali ya mpito anawaambia, na kuwa katiba ya kudumu ya serikali ni kaburi la thamani yao, mapato na kwa sasa.
Lakini sisi kurudi suala hilo katika siku zijazo. Je, ni matokeo ya mapinduzi haya?
Je, mtu kitu ilianza vizuri kwamba itaendelea ilianza? Majibu shauku ya utafiti huu, naweza tu kukuambia kwamba kila kitu hutegemea juu yenu. Kijana huanza maisha yake katika walio wengi, afya, vipaji na uwezo kulingana na neema za riziki, mtu anaweza kusema kwamba yeye ni majengo ya hatima yako mwenyewe. hatima yake katika mikono yao. Yeye anaweza kufanya sifa, heshima au aibu, kulingana na matendo yake. Mimea, wakati peke yake, wakati ukweli, uaminifu, heshima na uadilifu, viwanda, nishati na uvumilivu, mtu hawezi kufanikiwa. Hivyo ni pamoja na sisi. Sisi ni Jamhuri ya vijana, na mataifa ya dunia tu ambapo sisi ni wasanifu wa bahati yake mwenyewe. Kusudi katika riziki, ni katika mikono yetu. Hekima, busara na umma wa hali ya kutoka kwa watu, na akili, nguvu na patriotism ni sehemu ya mafanikio ya China ni kamili ya rasilimali na matarajio ya wengi matumaini, inaweza kuwa katika viewfinder ya. Lakini kama ushauri wenye busara na kushinda kama tunataka kugawanywa, kama hutokea mafarakano kina kama ongezeko la dissentions kama vikundi ni umba, kama ukurasa wa feeds roho waovu kwa ajili ya tamaa yake binafsi Hydra Mkuu, siwezi kutabiri chochote vizuri vizuri. Bila ya akili, nguvu, uaminifu na patriotism ya watu, si mwakilishi wa Serikali ya Jamhuri au kudumu au imara.
Tuna akili na nguvu na patriotism. Wote unahitaji ni nidhamu na kudumisha yao. Hana akili bila sababu. Ufaransa taifa ya falsafa. Falsafa hizi ni Jacobins. Wao kukosa heshima kwamba ibada na kanuni za maadili, na kwamba patriotism ni muhimu kwa serikali nzuri iliyoandaliwa kanuni ya usawa na haki, maombi bora kwa maelewano na urafiki kati ya viongozi wote wa pili, naona hakuna vikwazo juu ya njia zetu juu na mbele maendeleo. maendeleo yetu ni kujiunga na nchi nyingine, unategemea kwa kiasi kikubwa na kama tunahitaji kuonyesha dunia, mimi nina hakika kwamba serikali bora zaidi ambayo ni nchi jirani. Kama sisi kufanya hivyo, North Carolina, Tennessee na Arkansas si tveka kwa muda mrefu, na wanaweza kuwa Virginia, Kentucky na Missouri. Wao huvaa sisi sheria kiburi. Tulifanya mengi ya utoaji wa Katiba ya nchi nyingine kuchukua linda zaidi, na hivyo kwa ujasiri, nadhani, katika katiba ya zamani ya somo moja, lakini tahadhari sana kwao kwa haraka kama inaweza kuwa sahihi. Kuangalia mbali katika siku zijazo, na pengine si mbali sana, au kwamba si tofauti kama inawezekana, hata kinachowezekana, ili kubwa ya kaskazini-magharibi wote watakuwa kupima njia hii, pamoja na Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, nk Katika hili kama milango yote ni pana ya kutosha kupokea yao, lakini si kabla ya kuwa tayari kucheza na sisi kiroho.
Massa si Umoja wa zamani inaweza kuwa na matarajio ni karibu kabisa na uhakika kama bado njiani. Sasa, kulingana na uwezo wa kukua, na kama sisi ni mwaminifu kwa kila mmoja, hatima yetu, na kazi kubwa, lazima inasimamiwa na nguvu ya bara hili. Kiwango ambacho anslutningsprocessen itaendelea, au kama ya mwisho katika siku za baadaye kuamua. Hadi sasa kama inahusiana na nchi ya umri wa EU, utaratibu huu ni wakati sheria hiyo si kujenga ni kutumika, lakini wakati wa kuundwa upya na assimilation mpya. Hapa ni baadhi ya snapshots kutoka baadaye mimi catch yao.
Lakini kwanza lazima lazima kukutana na hasara na matatizo na matatizo ya kesi, mabadiliko yote ya serikali. Inaonekana, wilaya na nyumba ya mabadiliko katika channel biashara. Maskini hawa kuwa na matumaini, lakini ni muda, na ni lazima uvumilivu na uelewa.
Je, tuna vita na muungano wa marehemu, na mambo yote ya tofauti tuna amicably kutatuliwa, siwezi kusema tu kwamba matarajio ya kurekebisha na amani ni bora zaidi, isipokuwa mimi ni habari, kuliko ilivyo. Uwezekano wa vita, angalau kama ni ya kuogofya. Wazo ya kutumia nguvu, kivuli ni ushauri kwa Rais Lincoln katika tamasha ya ufunguzi, inaonekana kuna kudhibitiwa hadi sasa, hivyo nguvu, kama ilivyotarajiwa. Fort Sumter, ni waumini evacuated hivi karibuni. Ambayo, bila shaka, kuendelea katika mwelekeo wa Fort Pickens na forts wengine katika ghuba ya, si hivyo maalumu. Kuhitajika ni lazima wote kutolewa. Lengo letu ni amani, si tu katika upande wa kaskazini, lakini katika dunia nzima. Masuala yote yanayohusiana na mali ya umma, umma madeni ya Umoja wa Ulaya, wakati tulipokuwa wanachama, tuko tayari na tayari kukabiliana na ufumbuzi kulingana na kanuni za haki, haki na imani nzuri. Vita bila kuwa na manufaa kwetu kuliko kaskazini. Je, kuna mipango ya evacuation ya Fort Sumter ulikuwa ushahidi wa kutaka ufumbuzi wa matatizo yetu kwa njia ya amani nchini Marekani au kama matokeo yake, inevitably, I am wajibu wa kusema. Kujifanya kutaka matumaini ni ya kwanza. Uvumi katika eneo hilo, hata hivyo, kuwa ni kutokana na umuhimu. Naweza kukuambia, hivyo kwa heshima kwamba, ni kuweka silaha yako mazuri na ya poda kavu.
Njia surest kuhakikisha amani ni kuonyesha uwezekano wa kudumisha umiliki. Kanuni na mahali ambapo sasa Marekani utawala wa Republican Party wakati wa maswali ya puzzling. Ingawa ni kanuni pamoja nao kamwe kuruhusiwa kuongeza mguu wa wilaya watumwa, wanaonekana kuwa sawa nia ya inch "ni nchi kulaaniwa." Pamoja na Inayo gonga dhidi ya taasisi kinyume na kuangalia, au basi kwenda ya waliyo pewa. Walikuwa tayari kupambana na juu ya anslutning Texas, na wao ni sawa na nia ya kupambana na tena kwa kujiuzulu wake. Kwa nini ni hivyo? Jinsi gani wanaweza paradox hiyo ya ajabu ni hesabu kwa? Inaonekana kwamba ufumbuzi sababu moja tu na kwamba, hata kama wao kazi ya binadamu ni kawaida kusita kutoa faida juu ya kazi ya watumwa. upendo maslahi yao. Wazo ya utekelezaji wa sheria, kuna lengo moja tu na ni mkusanyiko wa kazi ya watumwa na zinaweza kufura na ongezeko katika kodi lazima mfuko mkubwa wa fedha. catch ni, je, wao, hata kama kuja kufanya kazi na watumwa
Hiyo ya kupeana kwa Congress chini ya Katiba na sheria ya asili alikuwa mkataba au kompakt kati ya Marekani alikubali na kukubalika kwa upande mwingine, kwa nini siwezi mkataba huu au kompakt kuchukuliwa kama aina kama hiyo, vyama vya kiraia, mikataba yote mengine kuwa släpps ut kuheshimiana drodze mkataba, ama kwa chama? nchi kuondokana na kukatwa hii ni kugeuka kuwa uhuru nyuma. Nini tatizo si wote utakuwa kutatuliwa kama wanataka amani katika upande wa kaskazini, tu na Congress katika matawi yote, kwa idhini ya Mwenyekiti, na kukubaliana juu ya kujitenga na utambuzi wa uhuru wetu?
Chanzo: Henry Cleveland, Alexander H. Stephens, umma na binafsi barua, hotuba kabla, wakati na pp Vita (Philadelphia, 1886), 717-729..

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76 

*************Translation of the above to Irish*************

Nuair a cuireadh ar ais ar tost, tá mé ag dul ar aghaidh. Ní féidir liom labhairt chomh fada agus mar go bhfuil an torann nó mearbhaill. I mo thuairimse, Tógfaidh mé mo chuid ama agus go hiomlán ullmhaithe a chaitheamh ar an oíche leat más gá. Tá mé an-orm go duine nach mian leo a chloisteáil cad a rá. Gan go bhfuil mé aon fhianaise, nó rud an-greannmhar, ach tá tuairim níos mó ná mise, is mian liom, ní hamháin sa chathair seo, ach sa tír seo, agus an méid ár tíre ó dheas, le Poblacht na mic léinn ar mian leo iad a chloisteáil.
Dúirt mé go bhfuil muid ar cheann de na réabhlóide mór i stair an domhain. Seacht gcinn de na tíre, a bhfuil os cionn na trí mhí anuas, bhain an rialtas an sean, nua a shuiteáil. Is é seo an réabhlóid tábhachtach go háirithe, go dtí anois tá sé curtha i gcrích gan chailliúint braon amháin fola.
Bunreacht Nua. arna bhunú ag an Rialtas nó ar théama, d'iarr sé ar ais idirdhealú. Tagairt don chéad Tugann Tagraíonn ginearálta, is léir chun a chinntiú go bhfuil na cearta uile a ársa, saincheadúnais agus díolúintí. a bhí ar fad le prionsabail na bunscoile Magna Carta's a shealbhú. Ní fhéadfar aon saoránach a bhaint den saol, saoirse agus maoin, ach an chúirt na bpiaraí, i gcomhréir leis an dlí. Is é an príomh prionsabal na saoirse creidimh, a bhí ag an onóir agus bród ar an bhunreacht sean áit shábháilte. Comhdhéanamh an dá i gceist d'aois, a bhuaigh an gcroí Meiriceánaigh, a bheith de dhualgas ar chaomhnú agus a. Cuid de na hathruithe a rinneadh. Bheadh roinnt daoine a fheiceáil in áit ag an ócáid, ach aon athruithe suntasacha eile nó leanúint le mo ceadú hampla. Déanann siad ionadaíocht ar a fheabhsú go suntasach le linn an bunreacht roimhe seo. Dá bhrí sin, nuair a bhunreacht de gach mí, amhras orm gur dóigh liom go bhfuil cinnte ag cur níos mó ná an iar-.
Ar ais go gairid ar chuid de na feabhsuithe. An fhadhb a thógáil leasanna ranga nó a chur chun cinn na hearnála ar chostas na daoine eile, agus an t-údarás ioncam a úsáid, a thugann dúinn go leor fadhbanna an bhunreacht sean dul a chodladh, nuair a ceann nua. Ní féidir linn iad a úsáid chun a dhéanamh ó thaobh na brabús, an sprioc in aon trádáil nó gnó ná daoine eile. Tá ár seasamh go léir ar an gcóras ach amháin trí phrionsabail ghinearálta an comhionannas iomlán. creidimh True ag obair le gnólachtaí teorainn a chur le feidhmiú saor in aisce ar cad is féidir a úsáid. Tá caighdeáin Thorn d'aois, is cúis le fadhbanna go leor de na gcúrsaí sean polaitiúil, a bhaint den aois nua.
Uair amháin eile ar an ábhar na forbartha áitiúil, de réir an chumhacht de Chomhdháil a rialáil an gnó codlata sa chóras. Force, a dúirt sé tógáil ar an sean bhunreacht, bhí ceist amháin ar a laghad, tá sé bunaithe ar an bhfoirgneamh céanna. Tá Theas iomlán, cé is moite de na prionsabail stáit bhunreachtúil, in ionad a úsáid mar bhonn a vanity agus díreach. In ainneoin seo a freasúra, na milliúin airgead, leis an Aireacht Airgeadais, a bunaíodh chun na críche seo. Níl thosaigh muid an fhreasúra naimhde, trádáil, nó iad go léir na huirlisí is gá chun é seo a éascú. Bhí muid ach ceist a chomhaireamh. Georgia, mar shampla, tá a lán rudaí a fheabhsú i réimsí eile mar gheall ar an tír, i gcomhréir le líon na ndaoine agus na n-earraí. atá leagtha amach againn na línte iarnróid ó chósta agus sléibhte, chart faoi na sléibhte, agus gleannta líonadh, tá an praghas ar a laghad, $ 25,000,000. Agus tá na margaí oscailte, an dearadh táirgí, agus muid ag teacht ar domhan Codanna an iarthair. Níl aon tír go bhfuil éileamh ar institiúidí dá leithéid mar Georgia, ach tá ag iarraidh go mbeadh an t-airgead a bheith ag obair annamh a billí. Rangú na costais, forstruchtúr agus trealamh in ár mbóithre a ghintear trí siúd a bhí leis an gcuideachta. No, níos mó, ach amháin le haghaidh iarann íseal i luach a bailíodh ar an mbealach céanna, ach bhí orm íoc as le linn de roinnt milliún dollar onóir a thabhairt do na miotail, cé go raibh an praghas a íocadh le haghaidh as tír. Cad a dhéanann ceart, ionas go mbeidh an t-airgead go mbeidh ár n-íoctar le daoine de ghnáth ag an ciste a allmhairiú ár iarainn, agus a úsáid chun feabhas a chur ar an port aibhneacha agus in aon áit eile? prionsabail an fhírinne a bhaintear as aon phost, féadfaidh an gcostas a bheith riachtanach chun é seo a éascú. Más gá feabhas a chur ar Charleston cuan, ansin an t-ualach ar ghnó Charleston. Má tá an béal Abhainn na Savannah déanta, ansin nascleanúint na loinge, i gcás an t-ualach úis. Alabama, agus béal Abhainn Mississippi's. Mar a dearadh olltáirgeacht intíre, ní mór ár cadáis, cruithneacht, arbhar Indiach agus eile, tá na rátaí iompair lasta shuntasach ag an iarnróid, tháinig muid go dtí an fharraige. Chomh maith leis sin prionsabal ginearálta de comhionannas iomlán agus an cheartais, agus is é an t-aon bhealach le bunreacht nua a thabhairt isteach.
Gné eile a bheidh, atá mé a mholadh le haghaidh airí bunreacht nua, agus an t-aonad ach an áit inar féidir leis an urlár an tSeanaid agus ó Ionadaithe agus leis an gCúirt a bheith i dteideal páirt a ghlacadh sa phlé agus díospóireachtaí maidir le saincheisteanna éagsúla a bhaineann le rialachas. B'fhearr liom go mór go bhfuil soláthar breise a fháil ar agus ag iarraidh ar an Uachtarán a roghnú a chomhairleoirí bunreachtúil an Seanad agus Teach na nIonadaithe. Ní mór í a urramú go hiomlán i gcleachtas, nach bhfuil an Pharlaimint Shasana, a bhfuil mo thuairimse, ar cheann de na ceartais seachas an Bunreacht na Breataine. Is gné uathúil Sábhálann an rialtas. An bhfuil a sholáthraíonn cobhsaíocht a chumas a athrú ar an rialtas. Tá muid, mar i gcónaí, a cóineasú mór an ceart chun riail.
Bunreacht na hiar, mar shampla, bhí deis ag an aire airgeadais a shábháil ar a gcuntas gach bliain le haghaidh an chórais airgeadais nó plean nó ar shlí eile. Ní fhéadfadh sé a mhíniú, a dúirt sé, a fheidhmiú, nó a gcuid tuairimí a chosaint ar bheartas, ach amháin trí na meáin chumarsáide. Parlaimint Shasana, agus as a dtagann an bhuiséid agus iarr ar dhaoine atá freagrach as gach earra. Má tá an stailc vumilika neamh léi, más gá. Anois tá sé mar gheall ar an raon feidhme teoranta ár gcóras. Is é an mbunreacht nua seo, is féidir ár cinnirí roinn labhairt ar a son féin, agus a bhainistiú thar ceann na polasaithe, gan brath ar ionstraim an-fhuafar an nuachtáin. Tá sé an-inmhianaithe riamh faoi ár gcóras rialtais ar a dtugtar an ghníomhaireacht.
Tagraíonn an t-athrú eile sa Bhunreacht, chun an tréimhse ama a oifig an uachtarán. Tá an bunreacht nua, tá sé bliana in ionad ceithre, agus arís mar uachtarán agus seirbhísí toghcháin. Tá sé i ndáiríre go leor athruithe coimeádach. aistreoidh sé ar gach temptation le coimeádáin a úsáid chun iad, nó an chumhacht a úsáid a chuirtear de chúram uirthi rudaí pearsanta de mhian. A spreagann ach fonn níos mó chun leanúint ar aghaidh chun taitneamh a bhaint as an saibhreas muinín ard amháin den sórt sin ina lámha, tá sé maith go bhfuil na daoine, rathúnas, áthas, síocháin, onóir agus glóir do chomhtháthú fíor.
Ach an míthaitneamhach, agus líon na n-athruithe dearfacha, ba mhaith liom a lua féin, cé déanaí amháin. Chuaigh an bunreacht nua a luí go deo, breoslaithe na ceisteanna go léir maidir lenár institiúid de chuid an sclábhaíocht san Afraic speisialta, mar tá seans maith na sibhialtachta Negro féin. Bhí sé seo mar gheall ar go díreach leis an réabfaidh an deiridh agus an réabhlóid i láthair. Ní Jefferson ina réamhaisnéis dá dtagraítear mar "carraig, atá roinnte isteach san Aontas d'aois." Bhí sé ceart. Cad a tharla dó a bhí creideamh fait accompli. Ach má bhí sé an fhírinne a thuiscint go hiomlán mór a bhí an charraig é agus a bheith doubted. smaointe Uliopo siamsaíocht a, statesmen go leor agus ceannairí an am, nuair a sean is ar an mBunreacht, go bhfuil an sclábhaíocht hAfraice violate dhlíthe na nádúr, is é sin mícheart, sóisialta, morálta agus polaitiúla. Tá sé fearg agus nárbh fhéidir leis a fhulaingt, ach tá an tuairim ghinearálta na ndaoine ar an lá seo go bhealach amháin nó foráil eile, beidh an institiúid a ghearr cónaí agus imíonn siad. Ní smaoineamh seo, ar an mBunreacht, tá fáil ar na smaointe céanna. MBunreacht, tá sé fíor go léir is gá chun a áirithiú go slándáil an institiúid, beidh sé seo caite cé, mar sin ní féidir a éileamh dlíthiúil a éileamh faoi bhráid na n-urrús an chosaint bhunreachtúil, mar an mhothúchánach. Smaointe nach raibh go hiomlán cruinn. Akastarehe inscne, cine agus réamhshocraithe. botún a bhí ann. Bhí sé le fondúireacht gaineamh, agus atá tógtha ag an rialtais titim i rith na stoirme "sa ghaoth."
Tá an rialtas nua go díreach os comhair an smaoineamh bunúsach, a fondúireachtaí bréaga, a bhonn an fhírinne mór nach bhfuil an Negro cothrom mar dhuine bán, a bheith faoi na ngéibheann na náisiúin is fearr a riocht nádúrtha agus de ghnáth. An rialtas nua chéad uair i stair an domhain, bunaithe ar na fíricí seo a fisiciúil mór, fealsúnachta agus morálta. Tá an fhírinne seo mall sa phróiseas athchóirithe, más rud eile go léir i gcás bhrainsí éagsúla an heolaíochtaí. Tá sé seo fíor go fiú i inár measc. Cuid mhaith liom a chloisteáil, b'fhéidir, más cuimhin liom i gceart é, é seo le fios glacadh leis ar fud an domhain, fiú amháin más rud é go n-lae. Ní mór Coiriúil glúin anuas go hiomlán fós féadfaidh sé ach fiche bliain ó shin. North de siúd atá ag obair chun cloí leis na earráidí, tá spéis an t-eolas thuas, tá muid ag ceart a bheith ar a dtugtar fanatics. Is é an toradh ar gach fanaticism easpa shaobhadh mheabhrach. Tá sé de chineál ar buile. Ceann de na tréithe is fearr ar an mearbhall, i gcásanna go leor go bhfuil sé moltaí cuí le haghaidh foirgneamh samhailfhadú nó bréagach, agus mar sin is é seo an fanatics i gcoinne sclábhaíocht. a gcuid conclúidí sin, is mar a gcríoch. Bhí siad Negro Is é an chomhionann agus dá bhrí sin, i gcrích go bhfuil sé cearta céanna agus na pribhléidí an fear bán. Má bhí a gcuid foirgneamh a cheartú, go mbeadh a gcuid conclúidí a loighciúil agus cothrom, ach ar a modhanna ceart, siad go léir ag bogadh. Is cuimhin liom nuair a chuala mé ó tú an stáit de Thuaidh, láidir agus in ann tuairisc a thabhairt don Chomhairle na nIonadaithe chun a leanann sé go againn, beidh an Afraic go ceartingearach ndeireadh na dála a fhágáil ar an cheist ar an sclábhaíocht, go bhfuil cogadh deacair i gcoinne na prionsabail bheartais rathúil, mar atá san fhisic nó Meicnic. Beidh an Cód i réim faoi dheireadh. cothabháil ar an sclábhaíocht, toisc go bhfuiltear ag troid, na prionsabail atá leagtha síos ag an nádúr phrionsabal an chomhionannais agus na fir. Dúirt mé go nuair a forais féin, ba chóir éireoidh linn sa deireadh, agus go bhfuil sé féin agus a chairde ar an cath de chuid institiúidí, ní le chéile. Fógraíodh go raibh sé deacair go deimhin, d'éirigh cath in aghaidh na prionsabail bheartais mar atá i fisice agus Meicnic feicthe agam, ach dúirt sé go bhfuil sé, agus oibríonn siad le léi, atá os comhair an dlí. Ag iarraidh a dhéanamh rudaí a comhionann a bhfuil an Creator is míchothrom.
I rith an cogadh a mhéid, tá rath a bhí ar ár taobh, ag líonadh an fad iomlán agus fairsinge na comhrialtas. Is sa chomhthéacs seo, mar a dúirt cheana, tá méadú tagtha ar ár saol sóisialta níos láidre, ní féidir liom acmhainn a bheith in amhras gur éirigh leis an cur i gcrích go hiomlán an prionsabal seo go deireanach ar an saol sibhialta, agus solais.
Mar a dúirt mé, is féidir leis an fhírinne an prionsabal seo a bheith mall i bhforbairt, cosúil le gach fíor, agus tá sé i gcónaí go bhfuil na cleachtaí éagsúla. Tugadh an riail Fógraíonn de Galileo Adam Smith, agus a phrionsabail gheilleagar polaitiúla. Mar sin, bhí sé le Harvey, agus a theoiric an mhargaidh. Deirtear go bhfuil aon cheann de na dochtúirí a chónaíonn le tuairisciú ar na fírinne, go bhfuil ar a seasaimh. Anois tá sé an-inghlactha. Dá bhrí sin ní féidir linn a fheiceáil muinín iomlán deiridh an fhírinne a aithint go bhfuil ár gcóras bunaithe? Is é seo an chéad rialtas chomh tapa agus thosaigh sé ag leanúint rialacha dochta tionscnaimh agus an comhordú bia, trealamh ceadaithe don tsochaí dhaonna. rialtas go leor bunaithe ar phrionsabail na macántacht, agus subordination de ghrúpaí áirithe de chuid an phobail, is mar sin bhí sé, agus contrártha do dhlíthe na nádúr. Tá ár gcóras den chineál seo shárú ar na dlíthe an dúlra. Táimid go léir Caucasians, ach suas nó síos, tá saibhir agus daibhir, ionann agus an ceart súile. Níl Negro. Ar ais ina phost. Ar an leagan bunaidh nó a curse i gcoinne Canaan, atá feistithe i staid seo, a bhfuil ár gcóras. Foirgnimh a thógáil foirgnimh sin, soláthraíonn an uirlisí Eibhear ceart bunúsach, tá sé brící nó cloch. Tá Substrates in ár sochaí na maoine agus a ionad tionscnaimh, agus tá a fhios againn ón taithí atá faighte go bhfuil sé níos fearr le ní níos fearr, ach tá níos measa ná an pobal, agus mar sin go mbeadh sé. Tá sé seo bunaithe ar an cuspóir fíor ar an Creator. Gan dúinn chun scrúdú a dhéanamh ar an eagna, ceist prionsabail nó iad. Chun a gcríoch féin, tá éagsúil ó chumann amháin go ceann eile, mar a rinne an réalta amháin éagsúil ó réalta eile i ghlóir. "Na rudaí is féidir le fear a fháil ar na riachtanais a dhlíthe agus ar rialacháin a bhunú an rialtais i measc rudaí eile. Cónaidhm dúinn de réir phrionsabal na choinneáil ghnólacht na gceart sin. Cloiche a bhí na tógálaithe diúltaíodh cúinne príomh" fondúireacht "ceart clocha do thógáil an am agam nua a iarrfar sa todhchaí.? Ní raibh sé beagnach buailte linn a bheidh ag caitheamh ar an saol sibhialta, ní féidir liom cúram. Cé atá i dteideal agus cé mhéad duine a bheith in aghaidh chugainn, nuair a stop mé go deo na prionsabail na fírinne, má tá muid dílis agus na prionsabail féin, rud a rá, tá iallach orainn, agus ní mór a bhuachan.
Thosaigh na mílte daoine tuiscint a fháil ar an bhfíric go foirfe fós taobh amuigh de na sliogáin, is féidir leat a fheiceáil ar an fad agus leithead. Cloisimid go leor de chultúr agus ar an gCríostaíocht, eachtrannach dúchasacha san Afraic. Tuigim go bhfuil na spriocanna a chomhlíonadh, ach an chéad fhoghlaim a gcuid oideachais a mhúineadh Adam go "in allas dá éadan, agus ith sé arán" agus a theagasc agus a gcuid oibre le beatha gúna.
Agus os comhair: Roinnt propounded a fhoghlaim, mar a théann féidir le gan a cheanglaíonn Cónaidhm? Tá an cumas a choinneáil saoránacht an bhfeidhm Márta? Sa chás seo, tá sé deacair dom a rá go fonnmhar sin, mar is léir dúinn, agus go institiúidí rialtais cuntasach don teorainn le linn a bheith linn, ach táimid ag mainneachtain a chothabháil go hiomlán ar a seasaimh, fiú má tá deireadh thiar chun a dhéanamh suas ina n-intinn agus Caithfimid a dtodhchaí le linn. Go bhfuil siad iachall ar deireadh thiar dúinn chun a chinntiú is é mo thuairim, ach ní féidir linn, fiú mura bhfuil a fhios acu.
Táimid go léir ag obair ar ábhair thábhachtacha de móra náisiúnta. Tháinig ó Thuaidh, agus fiú tíortha comharsanacha atá ró-bheag agus ró-lag a choimeád ar bun náisiúntacht ar leith. Is cion mór. Ag an leibhéal réigiúnach le 64,500 míle cearnach agus níos mó. Braitheann sé ar dhá chéad míle cearnach de na Stáit Aontaithe i measc na pm bunaidh. Is réimse é seo níos mó ná dhá uair sa Fhrainc agus san Ostair-Ungáir. An Fhrainc, Poblacht na bliana, ach 2,200 ciliméadar cearnach. Tá an Ostair comhionannas do na blianta fada, 240-ocht míle ciliméadar cearnach. Muid agus an chuid is mó de na súile. Is é is mó sa Fhrainc, an Spáinn, an Phortaingéil agus an Ríocht Aontaithe, lena n-áirítear Sasana, in Éirinn agus Albain le chéile. Cónaitheoirí, agus ríomhaireachtaí go bhfuil níos mó ná cúig mhilliún i 1860, lena n-áirítear bán agus dubh. Daonra ar fad, lena n-áirítear dubh agus bán, an bunaidh 1:00 faoi cheithre milliún i 1790, agus fiú níos mó i 1976, nuair a athair an tsaoirse rath sin. Má tá cúpla duine a choimeád ar bun dared saoirse ó cumhachtaí ar domhan mór, ní féidir linn a bheith eagla atá ann faoi láthair a choimeád?
Pointe na n-earraí agus acmhainní, táimid fós rompu. Ní Chónaidhme na maoine faoi yanayopaswa 20-20 na milliúin dollar! Ceapaim go bhfuil sé soiléir, ach caithfidh mé le tionscadal, is féidir é a bheith níos mó ná cúig uaire i seilbh an bhaile, i gcás ina niezależność rath. An tSeoirsia, ar airíonna speisialta na tuarascála bliana seo caite, de réir ár Ciste, yanayopaswa 672,000,000 eastát réadach. Geall an tsuim iomlán na seacht Comhdhála faoi 18 milliún agus dhliteanais na Stáit Aontaithe chun deireadh méideanna áirithe de US $ 174,000,000. Nach a chur san áireamh na cathrach fiach trom, fiach corparáideach agus an ról na meán an iarnróid agus beidh gá le, mar tromluí na tíre crua i rith na n-acmhainní. Na geallúintí sin, a cuireadh leis a chuid eile níos mó ná iomlán de 500 milliún dollar SAM. An limistéar, atá ina limistéar cosúil linne, i gcás ina bhfuil líon na ndaoine mar gheall ar aeráide agus ithreach, an dara domhan każdego none, áit a bhfuil na céimeanna cheana féin i gceannas Productions dúinn, a rialaíonn an saol gnó ar féidir leo a imirt gan imní faoin rath a aimsiú ar ár gcumas, de réir mar eile bí linn nó nach bhfuil?
Go deimhin, creidim go bhfuil sa spás, ach d'fhonn coiteann, agus an gá atá dáiríre le haghaidh faisnéise gur chóir go mbeadh an rialtas teorainn dúinn. Tá difríochtaí den tuairim atá ar thaobh tosaigh agus an tsaoirse go bhfuil níos mó a bhaineann leis an bpolaitíocht d'fhonn a áirithiú go difriúil ó comhoibriú níos mó i sábháilteacht an deireadh gach ceann amháin a fuarthas a bheith mór.
Bhí gaol tuairimí éagsúla leis an bpolaitíocht ná prionsabal, mar a dúirt an tUasal Jefferson in óráid seoladh é i 1801, le linn an teas na hiomaíochta roimh a rogha, gur féidir a bheith ann faoin dlí agus le gach duine go feadh méid áirithe ar rialtas an cónaidhme agus gach Poblachtach, mar sin Is féidir a rá anois gur beag beann ar na difríochtaí idir na tuairime thar an polasaí is fearr a laghdú ar ár gcomhoibriú le cuideachtaí deirfiúr, sclábhánta, níos measa ná an rud is measa a bhí againn go bhfuil gach operationists comhoibriú, an tsaoirse, nó iad go léir a thagann.
Sa chás seo, a ghlacadh liom an deis seo a rá nach bhfuil sé olc, agus gan eagla go más rud ba mheasa tháinig chun níos measa trí ghearradh iar-rialtas a shocrú ach ní mór dár slándála, a bheadh i gceist níos tromchúisí fós míbhuntáiste. Go dtí seo feicthe againn aon cheann de na himeachtaí seo, a bhfuil baint acu leis an bhabhta de ghnáth. Níl aon rud mar a bhí súil leis an gcéad urghabhálacha ghnáth. Tá ciall, críonnacht, agus tírghrá an dath ag gach céim sa dul chun cinn déanta go dtí seo. Bodes seo go maith don todhchaí, agus go bhfuil rud éigin gur deimhin leis go mór liom gur éirigh liom a thabhairt ráiteas. Comhdháil de na daoine a bhuail mé i Montgomery, ní féidir liom a rá leithscéal as seo, Abler, cliste, níos coimeádach, a phlé, a chinneadh, géar, contrártha agus comhlacht daoine, bhuail mé riamh i mo shaol. a gcuid oibre, comhrá a dhéanamh leo, a dúirt sé an rialtas eatramhach, agus go bhfuil an comhdhéanamh buan an rialtais ar uaigh a luach, ioncam agus stádas.
Ach táimid ar ais é sa todhchaí. Céard iad na hiarmhairtí seo a réabhlóid?
An bhfuil aon rud a chuirfidh ar aghaidh thosaigh thosaigh go maith? Answers suim sa taighde seo, ach is féidir liom a insint duit go bhfuil gach rud ag brath ort. Tosaíonn an fear óg a shaol i bhformhór, sláinte, buanna agus na cumais atá i gcomhréir leis an grásta beo, is féidir a rá nach bhfuil sé i ndán do na foirgnimh féin. A bhfuil i ndán dó ina lámha. Is féidir é a dhéanamh, chun clú, onóir nó náire, de réir a chuid saothar. Plandaí, nuair féin, nuair a fírinne, macántacht, meas agus sláine, tionscal, fuinneamh agus foighne, ní féidir theipeann ar an iarracht. Mar sin, tá sé linn. Is poblacht óg, agus an náisiúin an domhain ina bhfuil muid ar an ádh a dhearadh féin. Is é cuspóir na forála, tá sé i inár lámha. Eagna, críonnacht agus caighdeáin poiblí na bhfear, agus tuiscint, neart agus tírghrá is cuid de rath na Síne is iomlán na n-acmhainní agus na hionchais is dóchasach, is féidir é a bheith sa viewfinder. Ach mar críonna comhairle agus buaigh más mian linn a roinnt, tá feeds rannáin chomh doimhin mar dissentions le grúpaí eile a bhfuil a cruthaíodh é, cosúil le spiorad an leathanach ghránna an fonn pearsanta Hydra Head, ní féidir liom rud ar bith a thuar go maith. Gan an fhaisnéis, neart, macántacht agus tírghrá de na daoine, ní ionadaí an Rialtas Phoblacht na nó buan nó cobhsaí.
Tá an neart mheabhrach agus tírghrá. Níl uait ach smacht agus iad a choimeád. Uimh aigne gan chúis. fhealsúnacht náisiúnta na Fraince. Tá Fealsúnacht Jacobins. easpa siad an onóir an tseirbhís sin, rialacha iompair ann, agus go bhfuil an tírghrá tábhachtach do rialtas na prionsabail níos fearr a d'eagraigh an chomhionannais agus an cheartais, i bhfeidhm níos fearr trí thuiscint agus cairdeas idir na ceannairí an taobh eile, ní fheicim aon bhac ar ár mbealach suas agus dul chun cinn ar aghaidh. Is é ár forbairt ag teacht isteach i dtíortha eile, don chuid is mó ag brath ar an más gá dúinn a thaispeáint ar an domhan, tá mé ina luí ar go bhfuil an rialtas is fearr na tíortha comharsanacha. Má bhíonn ar siúl againn mar sin ní, North Carolina, Tennessee agus Arkansas bíodh aon leisce ort le fada, agus d'fhéadfaí iad a Achadh an Iúir, Kentucky agus Missouri. Caitheann siad linn dlí bródúil as. Rinne muid go leor a sholáthar ar an mBunreacht a chosnaíonn na tíre a ghlacadh ar láimh, agus mar sin go críonna, sílim, sa bhunreacht sean ceacht amháin, ach an-aireach a luaithe is féidir leo a bheith mar is cuí. Féach fada sa todhchaí, agus is dócha nach bhfuil i bhfad an-, nó nach bhfuil ar leithligh agus is féidir, fiú is féidir, go ó thuaidh-mór siar, beidh gach a thástáil an mbealach seo, lena n-áirítear Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, srl seo mar go léir agus na doirse Is leathan go leor chun iad a fháil, ach ní os a bheith réidh chun spraoi le linn spioradálta.
Is í mais iar Aontaithe agus tá súil gur féidir é a beagnach ar bhealach cinnte go fóill. Anois, de réir an cumas ag fás, agus mar atáimid dílis dá chéile, ní mór ár sa todhchaí, agus tá obair mhór, a bhainistiú agus na cumhachtaí seo a mór-roinne. Mhéid is go mbeidh an próiseas aontachais ar aghaidh, nó má tá an deireadh sa todhchaí a chinneadh. A mhéid a bhaineann leis na tíortha an AE d'aois, is é an nós imeachta dlíthiúla nuair nach bhfuil an foirgneamh a úsáidtear, ach i rith an atheagrú agus comhshamhlú nua. Seo a leanas roinnt grianghraif as a ghabháil dom níos déanaí.
Ach ní mór a chéile don chéad uair agus na míbhuntáistí agus deacrachtaí agus fadhbanna i gcás, gach athrú ar an rialtais. Dealraíonn sé, dúiche agus baile na n-athruithe i gcúrsaí gnó cainéal. Tá dóchas na mbocht, ach am agus foighne agus tuiscint atá riachtanach.
An bhfuil againn comhrialtas cogadh an éagaigh, agus na rudaí éagsúla againn réiteach cairdiúil, is féidir liom a rá ach go bhfuil na hionchais is fearr athchóiriú agus leis an tsíocháin, ach tá mé ag inis, ná mar atá sé. An fhéidearthacht cogaidh, ar a laghad chomh imeaglaithe. An smaoineamh a úsáid i bhfeidhm, is é an scáth na comhairle don Uachtarán Lincoln san fhéile ar oscailt, dealraíonn sé go bhfuil rialú go dtí anois, chomh láidir, ag súil leis. Fort Sumter Is é sin, chreid aslonnú le déanaí. Cé acu, ar ndóigh, ar aghaidh i dtreo an Fort Pickens agus daoine eile nach bhfuil ar siúl sa chuan, ionas go speisialta. Ní mór do gach a bheith ag teastáil. Is é ár gcuspóir an tsíocháin, ní hamháin sa tuaisceart, ach ar fud an domhain ar fad. Gach nithe a bhaineann le maoin phoiblí, fiacha poiblí an Aontais Eorpaigh, cé go raibh muid ag comhaltaí, go bhfuil muid réidh agus toilteanach déileáil leis an réiteach i gcomhréir leis na prionsabail an cheartais, cothroime agus de mheon macánta. Cogadh gan a bheith úsáideach dúinn ná an thuaidh. An bhfuil raibh aon phleananna maidir le aslonnú Fort Sumter finné chun ár gcuid fadhbanna a réiteach trí mhodhanna síochánta sna Stáit Aontaithe nó mar thoradh air sin, gan dabht, táim freagrach as a labhairt. Lig ort go bhfuil súil leis an gcéad. Tuairimíocht i réimse, áfach, de bharr riachtanas. is féidir liom a insint duit, mar sin a urramú, is fearr a choinneáil do airm agus púdar.
Surest ar bhealach a áiritheoidh an tsíocháin a léiriú ar an bhféidearthacht a chothabháil úinéireachta. Rialacháin agus i gcás ina reatha US riaradh an Páirtí Poblachtach i rith na ceisteanna puzzling. Ní cheadaítear Cé gur prionsabal leo an ceantar a mhéadú sclábhaithe chos, dealraíonn sé go bhfuil toilteanach comhionann le orlach is "an accursed." Le anachain i gcoinne an institiúid, seachas a bheith ag lorg i, nó a scaoileadh an méid a fuair siad. Bhí siad réidh le troid ar aontachas Texas, agus go bhfuil siad comhionann agus a thuilleadh sásta troid ar son a éirí as. Cén fáth go bhfuil sé sin? Conas is féidir é seo a paradacsa aisteach an líon féin ar feadh? Dealraíonn sé go bhfuil réiteach ar aon chúis amháin agus go bhfuil, fiú má tá siad ag obair de ghnáth drogallach i leith an duine a thabhairt suas ar bhrabúis saothair tráill. A leasanna ghrá. An smaoineamh a chur chun feidhme an dlí, nach bhfuil ann ach cuspóir amháin agus tá cnuasach saothair sclábhánta at agus an méadú i gcánacha Ba chóir go mbeadh ciste mór na gcistí. ghabháil tá, an bhfuil teacht orthu fiú a bheith ag obair mar sclábhaithe
Sin an a bhí aontaithe a dheonú do na Congressman faoin mBunreacht agus faoi dhlíthe na nádúr raibh conradh nó dlúth idir na Stáit Aontaithe agus glacadh leis ar an taobh eile, ní féidir le cén fáth an chomhaontaithe seo nó dhlúth glacadh leis sin mar chineál na sochaí, cosúil le dlí, cuireadh conarthaí ar fad leis an gcuid eile le meas conradh drodze, ceachtar den dá pháirtí? tíortha seo a shárú dhícheangal é sin an tsaoirse chun dul ar ais. Cad é nach bhfuil an fhadhb a réiteach gach más mian leo an tsíocháin sa tuaisceart, ach le Comhdháil i ngach brainse, le toiliú an Cathaoirleach, agus chun aontú ar an scaradh agus aitheantas ar ár neamhspleáchas?
Foinse: Cleveland Henry, Alexander H. Stephens, an óráidí poiblí agus príobháideacha litreacha, roimh, le linn agus an Cogadh lgh (Philadelphia, 1886), 717-729 ..

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76 


************And the above back to English****************

When silence returns, I'm going forward. I can not speak as long as the noise or confusion. I think I'll take my time and fully prepared to spend the night with you if necessary. I am a person I do not want to hear what they say. Not that I have no evidence, or something very funny, but more opinion than me, I want, not just in this city, but in this country, and what our country to the south, the Republic of students wish to hear them.
I said that we are one of the great revolution in world history. Seven of the country, where over the past three months, the government had the old, install new. This is particularly important revolution, until now it has been completed without losing a single drop of blood.
New Constitution. established by the Government or theme, he called back discrimination. Reference to the first gives general refers, obviously to ensure that all rights are ancient, franchises and immunities. was all the principles of Magna Carta's primary holding. May not remove any citizen of life, liberty and property, but the court of peers, in accordance with the law. The main principle of freedom of religion, had the honor and pride to the old constitution safe place. Composition involves two old, won the heart of Americans, have a duty to preserve and a. Some of the changes made. Some people would rather see the event, but no other significant changes or continue with my hearty approval. They represent a significant improvement over the previous constitution. Therefore, when the constitution of every month, I doubt that I feel sure that taking more than the former.
Back shortly on some of the improvements. The problem building or class interests to promote the sector at the expense of others, and the authority to use income, giving us enough problems going to sleep the old constitution, when a new one. We can not be used to make a profit perspective, the goal in any trade or business than others. Our position all the systems only by general principles of full equality. True religion is working with businesses to limit the free exercise of what can be used. Thorn are old standards, causing problems of many old political matters, the removal of a new age.
Once again on the topic of local development, according to the power of Congress to regulate the business of sleeping in the system. Force, he said construction on the old constitution, was at least one question is based on the same building. South is full, with the exception of state constitutional principles, rather than used as a basis of vanity and just. Despite this opposition, millions of money, the Ministry of Finance, established for this purpose. We began the opposition are not enemies, trade, or all the tools necessary to facilitate this. We were only asked to count. Georgia, for example, there are many things to improve in other areas because of the country, according to the number of people and goods. We set out paths from the coast and mountains, dug under the mountains, and valleys filled, the price is at least $ 25,000,000. And the markets are open, the product design, we find parts of the western world. There is no country that demand for such institutions as Georgia, but is trying to make the money work rarely bills. Classification of costs, superstructure and equipment in our roads generated through those who were with the company. Or more except for low iron value collected in the same way, but I had to pay over several million dollars to honor the metal, although the price paid for from the country. What makes right, so that the money that our people are usually paid by the fund to import our iron, and used to improve the port river and elsewhere? principles of truth removed from any position, the cost may be necessary to facilitate this. If necessary to improve the Charleston harbor, then the burden on business of Charleston. If the mouth of the Savannah River made, then navigate the ship, where the interest burden. Alabama, and Mississippi River's mouth. As gross domestic product design, must our cotton, wheat, maize and other freight rates is significant at the railway, we came to the sea. In addition, the general principle of full equality and justice, and is the only way to introduce a new constitution.
Other aspects, which I recommend for a new constitution, ministers, and the unit but the place where the floor of the Senate and the Representatives and the Court be entitled to participate in discussions and debates on various issues relating to governance. I prefer the fact that provision to go further and request the President to choose a constitutional advisers of the Senate and House of Representatives. Must be fully respected in practice, that the Parliament of England, which I think is one of justice rather than the British Constitution. A unique feature saves the government. Does that provide stability to enable a change of government. We are, as always, a large convergence of the right to rule.
Constitution of the former, for example, had the opportunity to save the financial minister to account every year for the financial system or plan or otherwise. It could not explain, he said, exercise, or to protect their views on policy, except through the media. Parliament of England, which leads to the budget and asked the people responsible for each item. If the non vumilika strike her, if necessary. Now it's about the limited scope of our system. The new constitution, he can speak our department heads for their own sake, and managed for the policies, without depending on the instrument-stitched the newspaper. It is never desirable under our system of government called the agency.
Refers other change in the Constitution, to the time the president office. The new constitution, is six years instead of four, and again as president and election services. It is really quite conservative changes. It removes all temptation to use containers, or use the power entrusted to her personal objects of desire. A more encouraging but want to continue to enjoy the wealth of one such high confidence in its hands, it is good to have the people, prosperity, joy, peace, honor and glory of true integration.
But the unpleasant, and the number of positive changes, I want to mention themselves, although one later. The new constitution went to sleep forever, fueling all questions about our institution of slavery in Africa is the special, as there is good chance the Negro civilization itself. This was due directly to the final rupture and present revolution. Not a forecast Jefferson referred to as "rock, which is divided into the old Union." He was right. What happened to it was fait accompli faith. But if the truth were fully understand the rock was great and it must be doubted. Uliopo entertainment ideas, many statesmen and leaders of the time, when the old and the Constitution, African slavery that violate the laws of nature, that is incorrect, social, moral and political. He is angry and could not tolerate, but the general opinion of people on the day that one way or another provision, the institution will be short lived and disappear. Not this idea, the Constitution, is available on the same ideas. Constitution, it is essential that all necessary to ensure the security of the institution, it will last though, so it can not claim a legal claim to the securities of constitutional protection, as the emotional. Ideas were not entirely accurate. Akastarehe gender, race and default. It was a mistake. It was sand foundation, and built by the government fall during the storm "in the wind."
The new government is directly opposite the basic idea, which lies foundations, the basis of the great truth that the Negro as a flat white, to be under the jail of the nations most natural and normal condition. The new government first time in history of the world, based on the facts of this great physical, philosophical and moral. This fact is late in the reform process, if all other in the various branches of sciences. This is true even in our midst. I want to hear some, maybe, if I remember correctly, this indicates acceptance worldwide, even if their day. Criminal generation must still fully it may only twenty years ago. North of those working to comply with the errors, are interested in the information above, we should be called fanatics. The result of all fanaticism lack of mental aberration. It is kind of crazy. One of the best attributes of the confusion, in many cases it is appropriate recommendations for building imaginary or false, so this is the fanatics against slavery. Their conclusion, as their territory. They were Negro is the equal and therefore concluded that the same rights and privileges of the white man. If their buildings were correct, their conclusions would be logical and fair, but at the right methods, they all are moving. I remember when I heard from you the state of North, strong and able to report to the Council of Representatives to follow it, we vertically Africa will eventually leave the question of slavery, that a difficult war against the principles of successful policies, as in physics or mechanics. The code will finally prevail. maintenance of slavery, because we are fighting, the principles laid down by the nature of the principle of equality of men. I said that when their own institutions, we should ultimately succeed, and that he and his friends on the battle of institutions, not together. Announced that it was difficult indeed, successful battle against the policy principles as in physics and mechanics I have seen, but he said it, and works with her, before the law. Trying to make things equal which the Creator is unfair.
During the war so far, success is on our side, filling the entire length and breadth of the coalition. It is in this context, as already said, has grown stronger our social life, I can not afford to doubt the success of the full implementation of this principle last the civilized world, and light.
As I said, the truth can this principle be slow in development, like all true, and it is always that the various exercises. The rule was announced by Galileo Adam Smith, and principles of political economy. So it was with Harvey, and his theory of the market. It is said that none of the doctors who live for reporting the truth, that their positions. Now it is very acceptable. Therefore we can not see the final total confidence in the truth to recognize that our system is based? This is the first government as quickly as it started to follow strict rules of origin and the coordination of food, equipment approved for human society. Many government based on principles of honesty, and subordination of certain groups of the community, and so it was, and contrary to the laws of nature. Our system has this kind of violation of laws of nature. We are all Caucasians, but up or down, the rich and poor, equal to the right eye. No Negro. Back into position. The original or a curse against Canaan, is fitted in this situation, with our system. Buildings buildings provides the tools Granite fundamental right, it is brick or stone. Substrates in our society are the property and its origin, and we know from experience that it is better not better, but worse than the public, so it would be. This is based on the true purpose of the Creator. Without us to examine the wisdom question or principles. For their own purposes, different from one society to another, as did the one star differs from another star in glory. "What can a man get on the needs laws and government regulations establish, among other things. Swiss us by keeping a firm principle of these rights. Stone was the chief corner builders rejected" foundation "should stones for building the new I am to be requested in future.? It was not nearly upon us will be wearing on the civilized world, I do not care. Who and how many people have against us, when stopped I'm forever the principles of truth, if we are faithful and own principles, which say, has compelled, and must win.
Thousands of people began to understand perfectly still in the fact that outside of the shell, you can see the length and width. We hear a lot of culture and Christianity, indigenous African foreigners. I understand that to fulfill the goals, but first learn their education to teach Adam that "in the sweat of its face, and he ate bread" and to educate and feed their work dress.
And before: Some propounded to learn, as can go without joining Confederation? The ability to retain citizenship of the force in March? In this case, it is difficult for me to say so enthusiastically, as we can, and government institutions accountable to the limit over to join us, but we are failing to fully maintain their positions, even if ultimately to make up their minds during their future need. They are finally forced us to make sure it is my opinion, but we can not, even if they know.
We are all working on important matters of national large. Came from the North, and even neighboring countries are too small and too weak to maintain a separate nationality. A large proportion. At the regional level to 64 500 square miles and more. It depends on two hundred square miles of the United States among the original pm. This area more than twice in France and Austria-Hungary. France, Republic of years, but 2200 square kilometers. Austria is equality for many years, eight miles-240 square kilometers. We and most of the eyes. It is the largest in France, Spain, Portugal and the UK, including England, Ireland and Scotland together. Residents, and calculations are more than five million in 1860, including black and white. Entire population, including black and white, the original 1:00 about four million in 1790, and even more in 1976, when the father of the freedom that success. If few people dared to maintain freedom from major world powers, we can not be afraid to keep current?
Point of goods and resources, we still face. Federal property are not yanayopaswa 20-20 millions of dollars! I think it clearly, but I have a project, it can be more than five times in the possession of the home, where success niezależność. Georgia, on special properties of the report last year, according to our Fund, yanayopaswa 672 million real estate. Approximates the total amount of seven conference about 18 million and liabilities of the United States to end certain amounts of U.S. $ 174,000,000. Not take into account the city's heavy debt, corporate debt and the role of the media of the railway and will require, as a nightmare the country hard during the resources. The commitments, added to a rest more than a total of 500 million U.S. dollars. The area, which is an area like ours, where the number of people because of climate and soil, none każdego second world, where the steps already led us Productions, regulating the business world can be play without anxiety about finding success on our ability, as others join us or not?
Indeed, I believe that in space, but a common view, and the real need for information that the government should limit us. There are differences of opinion on the front and freedom are more related to politics in order to ensure that different from work in safety over the end of each one found to be large.
Various opinions were related to politics than principle, as Mr. Jefferson said in his speech was launched in 1801, during the heat of competition before a choice, there can be legal and everyone to some extent on government the federal and every Republican, so can now say that regardless of the differences of opinion over the best policy to reduce our collaboration with sister companies, slave, worse than the worst thing was that we All operationists cooperation, freedom, or are all falling.
In this case, I take this opportunity to say it is not bad, and without fear that if worse came to worse by cutting former government but must be set for our security, that would involve even more serious disadvantage . So far we have seen any of these events, which are involved in the normally round. Nothing was as expected with the first seizures normally. Is common sense, wisdom, and patriotism of color at every stage in the progress made so far. This Bodes well for the future, and that is something that I greatly satisfied that I managed to give a statement. Congress of the people I met in Montgomery, I can not say sorry for this, Abler, smart, more conservative, discuss, decide, sour, conflicts and body of persons, that I have ever in my life. their work, chat with them, he said the interim government, and that the permanent constitution of government grave value, income and status.
But we're back in the future. What are the consequences of this revolution?
Is there anything on the front face which started well? Answers interested in this research, but I can tell you that everything depends on you. The young man begins his life in most, health, talents and abilities in accordance with the grace of living, you could say it is not destined for the buildings themselves. A fate in their hands. You can do it, the reputation, honor or disgrace, according to his work. Plants, when alone, when truth, honesty, respect and integrity, industry, energy and patience, can not fail to try. So it is with us. The young republic, and the nations of the world we are fortunate to own design. The purpose of the provision, it is in our hands. Wisdom, wisdom and public standards of men, and understanding, strength and patriotism are part of the success of China is full of resources and the most optimistic expectations, it can be in the viewfinder. But as the wise advice and win if we want to share, there are divisions as deep as feeds dissentions other groups are created, like the spirit of the ugly pages of personal desire Hydra Head, I can not predict anything good . Without the knowledge, strength, honesty and patriotism of the people, not representative of the Government of the Republic or permanent or stable.
The mental strength and patriotism. All you need is discipline and maintain them. No mind without reason. French national philosophy. Philosophy is Jacobins. They lack the honor that service, rules of conduct, and patriotism that is important for government principles better organized equality and justice in a better place through understanding and friendship between the leaders of the other, not I see no obstacle on our way up and forward progress. Our development is entering other countries, mostly depending on if we need to show the world, I am convinced that the best government the neighboring countries. If we place so it does not, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas hesitate for long, and could be Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri. They are proud of us law. We made enough provision of the Constitution that protects the country to take over, and so wisely, I think, in one lesson the old constitution, but very attentive as soon as they can, as appropriate. Look far into the future, and probably not very much, or not separate as possible, even this can be a major north-west, have all tested this way, including Tennessee, Kentucky , Missouri, Arkansas, etc. as all the doors are wide enough to get them, but not before be ready to play with us spiritually.
The mass of the former United and hope that it can be almost sure way yet. Now, with the ability to grow, and as we are faithful to each other, our future must, and major work, management and powers of this continent. Extent that the accession process forward, the end or if a future decision. As far as the old EU countries, the procedure is legal when the building is not used, but during the reorganization and new assimilation. Here are some photos from his arrest me later.
But it must be first met and the disadvantages and difficulties and problems in the case, every change of government. It seems, district and home of the changes in channel business. The hope of the poor, but time and patience and understanding are necessary.
Is our war coalition of the deceased, and the different things we amicable settlement, I can only say that the best prospects for reform and peace, but I'm told, than it is. The possibility of war, at least as intimidating. The idea of using force, the shadow of advice to President Lincoln in the festival open, it seems to have control until now, so strong, expect. Fort Sumter, that is, believed the recent evacuation. Which, of course, continue towards the Fort Pickens and others are not held in the harbor, so special. Must all be required. Our goal is peace, not only in the north, but throughout the entire world. All matters relating to public property, public debts of the European Union, although we were members, we are ready and willing to deal with the settlement in accordance with the principles of justice, fairness and good faith. War without being useful to us than the north. Have had no plans for evacuation of Fort Sumter witness to solve our problems by peaceful means in the United States or as a result, no doubt, I am responsible for speaking. Pretend that the first eye. Speculation in the field, however, because of necessity. I can tell you, so respected, best to keep your arms and powder.
Surest way to ensure peace to reflect on the possibility of maintaining ownership. Regulations and where the current U.S. administration of Republican Party during the puzzling questions. While the principle is not allowed to increase the area foot slaves, seem to be willing inch is equivalent to the "accursed." With harm against the institution, rather than looking in, or to release the amount they received. They were ready to fight on the accession of Texas, and are equal and no longer willing to fight for his resignation. Why is that? How can this strange paradox for their number? It seems that a solution to any one reason that, even if they normally work in humans reluctant to give up the profits of slave labor. A love interests. The idea to implement the law, which only has one goal and slave labor at assembly and the increase in taxes should have a large fund of funds. catch is, even if they come to work as slaves
That the grant had been agreed for the Congressman under the Constitution and laws of nature had a contract or close the United States and adopted on the other hand, why can not this agreement or compact taken as the type of society such as law, all contracts were with the rest of respect drodze contract, either party? countries to overcome this disconnect that is the freedom to go back. What is not the problem all if they want peace in the north, but with Congress in every branch, with the consent of the Chairman, and to agree on the separation and recognition of our independence?
Source: Henry Cleveland, Alexander H. Stephens, the public speeches and private letters, before, during and the War pp (Philadelphia, 1886), 717-729 ..

URL: http://www.TeachingAmericanHistory.org/library/index.asp?documentprint=76

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You make your own decision: Read the last result, and try to understand it, then compare to the original. How much of the intended meaning is preserved through this sequence of six translations?